Dataset Information

Diversity of bat astroviruses in Lao PDR and Cambodia.

ABSTRACT: Astroviruses are known to infect humans and a wide range of animal species, and can cause gastroenteritis in their hosts. Recent studies have reported astroviruses in bats in Europe and in several locations in China. We sampled 1876 bats from 17 genera at 45 sites from 14 and 13 provinces in Cambodia and Lao PDR respectively, and tested them for astroviruses. Our study revealed a high diversity of astroviruses among various Yangochiroptera and Yinpterochiroptera bats. Evidence for varying degrees of host restriction for astroviruses in bats was found. Furthermore, additional Pteropodid hosts were detected. The astroviruses formed distinct phylogenetic clusters within the genus Mamastrovirus, most closely related to other known bat astroviruses. The astrovirus sequences were found to be highly saturated indicating that phylogenetic relationships should be interpreted carefully. An astrovirus clustering in a group with other viruses from diverse hosts, including from ungulates and porcupines, was found in a Rousettus bat. These findings suggest that diverse astroviruses can be found in many species of mammals, including bats.

SUBMITTER: Lacroix A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7106329 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diversity of bat astroviruses in Lao PDR and Cambodia.

Lacroix Audrey A Duong Veasna V Hul Vibol V San Sorn S Davun Holl H Omaliss Keo K Chea Sokha S Hassanin Alexandre A Theppangna Watthana W Silithammavong Soubanh S Khammavong Kongsy K Singhalath Sinpakone S Afelt Aneta A Greatorex Zoe Z Fine Amanda E AE Goldstein Tracey T Olson Sarah S Joly Damien O DO Keatts Lucy L Dussart Philippe P Frutos Roger R Buchy Philippe P

Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases 20161115

Astroviruses are known to infect humans and a wide range of animal species, and can cause gastroenteritis in their hosts. Recent studies have reported astroviruses in bats in Europe and in several locations in China. We sampled 1876 bats from 17 genera at 45 sites from 14 and 13 provinces in Cambodia and Lao PDR respectively, and tested them for astroviruses. Our study revealed a high diversity of astroviruses among various Yangochiroptera and Yinpterochiroptera bats. Evidence for varying degree ...[more]

PMID: 27871796

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Mutations in Pfkelch13 and Pfplasmepsin2/3 gene amplification are well-established markers for artemisinin and piperaquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum, a widespread problem in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). The Plasmodium vivax parasite population has experienced varying drug pressure dependent on local drug policies. We investigated the correlation between drug pressure from artemisinins and piperaquine and mutations in the P. vivax orthologous genes Pvkelch12 and Pvplasmepsin4 (Pvpm4), as candidate resistance markers. METHODS:Blood samples from 734 P. vivax patients were obtained from Thailand (n?=?399), Lao PDR (n?=?296) and Cambodia (n?=?39) between 2007 and 2017. Pvkelch12 and Pvpm4 was amplified and sequenced to assess gene mutations. To assess PvPM4 gene amplification, a Taqman® Real-Time PCR method was developed and validated. Selection of non-synonymous mutations was assessed by its ratio with synonymous mutations (Ka/Ks ratios). Mutation rates were compared to the estimated local drug pressure. RESULTS:Polymorphisms in Pvkelch12 were rare. Pvkelch12 mutations V552I, K151Q and M124I were observed in 1.0% (7/734) of P. vivax samples. V552I was the most common mutation with a frequency of 0.7% (5/734), most of which (4/5) observed in Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand. Polymorphisms in Pvpm4 were more common, with a frequency of 40.3% (123/305) in 305 samples from Thailand, Lao PDR and Cambodia, but this was not related to the estimated piperaquine drug pressure in these areas (Pearson's ?2 test, p?=?0.50). Pvpm4 mutation V165I was most frequent in Tak, Thailand (40.2%, 43/107) followed by Pailin, Cambodia (43.5%, 37/85), Champasak, Lao PDR (40.4%, 23/57) and Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand (35.7%, 20/56). Pvpm4 amplification was not observed in 141 samples from Thailand and Cambodia. For both Pvkelch12 and Pvpm4, in all areas and at all time points, the Ka/Ks values were?<?1, suggesting no purifying selection. CONCLUSIONS:A novel real-time PCR-based method to assess P. vivax Pvpm4 gene amplification was developed. Drug pressure with artemisinins and piperaquine in the GMS was not clearly related to signatures of selection for mutations in the P. vivax orthologous resistance genes Pvkelch12 and Pvpm4 in areas under investigation. Current resistance of P. vivax to these drugs is unlikely and additional observations including analysis of associated clinical data from these regions could further clarify current findings.

Dataset Information

Diversity of bat astroviruses in Lao PDR and Cambodia.

Publications

Diversity of bat astroviruses in Lao PDR and Cambodia.

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