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Associations between early-life food deprivation during World War II and risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes at adulthood.

ABSTRACT: The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) framework suggests that early-life experiences affect long-term health outcomes. We tested this hypothesis by estimating the long-run effects of exposure to World War II-related food deprivation during childhood and adolescence on the risk of suffering from hypertension and type 2 diabetes at adulthood for 90,226 women from the French prospective cohort study E3N. We found that the experience of food deprivation during early-life was associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes (+0.7%, 95% CI: 0.073-1.37%) and hypertension (+2.6%, 95% CI: 0.81-4.45%). Effects were stronger for individuals exposed at younger ages. Exposed individuals also achieved lower levels of education, slept less, and were more frequently smokers than unexposed individuals. These results are compatible with both the latency and the pathway models proposed in the DOHaD framework which theorise the association between early life exposure and adult health through both a direct link and an indirect link where changes in health determinants mediate health outcomes.

SUBMITTER: Mink J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7113250 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Associations between early-life food deprivation during World War II and risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes at adulthood.

Mink Julia J Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine MC Charles Marie-Aline MA Allais Olivier O Fagherazzi Guy G

Scientific reports 20200401 1

The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) framework suggests that early-life experiences affect long-term health outcomes. We tested this hypothesis by estimating the long-run effects of exposure to World War II-related food deprivation during childhood and adolescence on the risk of suffering from hypertension and type 2 diabetes at adulthood for 90,226 women from the French prospective cohort study E3N. We found that the experience of food deprivation during early-life was associ ...[more]

PMID: 32238839

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Early adulthood is a period of rapid personal development when individuals experience major life transitions (e.g. leaving the parental home, leaving education, beginning employment, cohabitation and parenthood). Changes in social and physical environments associated with these transitions may influence development of health-related behaviours. Consumption of fast food is one behaviour associated with poor diet and long-term health outcomes. In this study we assess how frequency of fast food consumption changes across early adulthood, and how major life transitions are associated with changes in fast food intake. METHODS:Data were collected across four waves of the Project EAT study, from mean age 14.9 (SD?=?1.6) to mean age 31.1 (SD?=?1.6) years. Participants reporting data at two or more waves were included (n?=?2902). Participants reported past week frequency of eating food from a fast food restaurant and responded to questions on living arrangements, education and employment participation, and having children. To assess changes in fast food we developed a latent growth model incorporating an underlying trajectory of fast food intake, five life transitions, and time-invariant covariates. RESULTS:Mean fast food intake followed an underlying quadratic trajectory, increasing through adolescence to a maximum of 1.88 (SE 0.94) times/week and then decreasing again through early adulthood to 0.76 (SE 2.06) times/week at wave 4. Beginning full-time employment and becoming a parent both contributed to increases in fast food intake, each resulting in an average increase in weekly fast food intake of 0.16 (p?<?0.01) times/week. Analysis of changes between pairs of waves revealed stronger associations for these two transitions between waves 1-2 (mean age 14.9-19.4?years) than seen in later waves. Leaving the parental home and beginning cohabitation were associated with decreases in fast food intake of -?0.17 (p?=?0.004) and?-?0.16 (p?=?0.007) times/week respectively, while leaving full-time education was not associated with any change. CONCLUSIONS:The transitions of beginning full-time employment and becoming a parent were associated with increases in fast food intake. Public health policy or interventions designed to reduce fast food intake in young adults may benefit from particular focus on populations experiencing these transitions, to ameliorate their impact.

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Associations between early-life food deprivation during World War II and risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes at adulthood.

Publications

Associations between early-life food deprivation during World War II and risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes at adulthood.

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