Dataset Information

Vitamin D supplementation: are multivitamins sufficient?

ABSTRACT:

Background

Public Health England advises 400 IU/day vitamin D supplementation for children over 1?year. Commercially available children's multivitamin and vitamin D supplements were surveyed to determine the vitamin D content.

Methods

Multivitamins and vitamin D supplements marketed at children <12 years and sold by nine UK supermarkets and health supplement retailers were surveyed. Vitamin D content was determined from manufacturer's websites and product packaging.

Results

67 multivitamins were surveyed, containing 0-800 IU/day vitamin D. Only 25%-36%, depending on the child's age, provided ?400?IU/day vitamin D. Supplements containing only vitamin D or labelled as for 'healthy bones' typically had higher vitamin D content (57%-67% contained ?400?IU/day).

Conclusions

Few multivitamin products supply the recommended 400 IU/day vitamin D. Clinicians need to be aware of this when recommending vitamin D supplementation and advise parents/carers to choose a product that contains ?400?IU/day vitamin D.

SUBMITTER: Moon RJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7115846 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Vitamin D supplementation: are multivitamins sufficient?

Moon Rebecca J RJ Curtis Elizabeth M EM Cooper Cyrus C Davies Justin H JH Harvey Nicholas C NC

Archives of disease in childhood 20190225 8

<h4>Background</h4>Public Health England advises 400 IU/day vitamin D supplementation for children over 1 year. Commercially available children's multivitamin and vitamin D supplements were surveyed to determine the vitamin D content.<h4>Methods</h4>Multivitamins and vitamin D supplements marketed at children <12 years and sold by nine UK supermarkets and health supplement retailers were surveyed. Vitamin D content was determined from manufacturer's websites and product packaging.<h4>Results</h4 ...[more]

PMID: 30804007

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Project description:In order to understand the molecular mechanism responsible for the therapeutic potential of vitamin D, we conducted an analysis of the liver transcriptome – a central place of metabolic changes. The experiment was carried out on adult female rats (about one year old), n=18, divided into three experimental subjects, receiving different doses of vitamin D for three months: group I - 0, group II - 1000 U/Kg, group III - 5000 U/Kg. After the experiment, the biochemical and haematological parameters of the blood were evaluated. RNA-seq was used to analyze the changes in the liver transcriptome, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to identify enrichments in gene expression profiles of experimental groups. qPCR was employed to evaluate the expression of several genes connected to cholesterol biosynthesis, metallothioneins, vitamin D metabolism and others. At the end of the experiment, 25(OH) vitamin D concentrations were as follows: group I: 29 ng/ml, group II 43: ng/ml, group III: 70 ng/mL. Considering blood parameters, we observed a lower platelet count (p<0,008) and significantly higher (p<0.02) number of WBC in rats supplemented with 1000 U/Kg than in rats from group III (5000 U/Kg), but no difference between rats from group I and III were detected in these parameters. Moreover, we noted a trend (p<0.06 ) in total cholesterol concentration, suggesting a linear decrease with increasing doses of vitamin D. RNA-seq analysis did not identify any differentially expressed genes with FDR<0.05 in any of the three comparisons. However, GSEA revealed significant activation of the number of processes and pathways. In the I vs III comparison, the most enriched were the genes from the “metallothionein, and TspO/MBR family” (Enrichment Score=8,170, FDR= 0.00006), the genes associated with “glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity” (Enrichment Score=5.13, FDR<00049) and the genes associated with “Negative regulation of tumour necrosis factor production” (Enrichment score=1.26, FDR0.0064. qPCR analysis identified significant upregulation of Mt1, Mt2 and Orm1 genes in animals receiving high doses of vitamin D (p<0.025, p<0.025, p<0009, respectively). Moreover, significant downregulation of Srebp2 and Insig2 was observed in both experimental groups when compared to the control group (p<0.003, p<0.036, respectively). Our results support the potential of vitamin D supplementation in ameliorating oxidative stress, inflammation and high blood cholesterol and underlie the need for further studies aimed at identifying optimal vitamin D doses with therapeutic effects.

Dataset Information

Vitamin D supplementation: are multivitamins sufficient?

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Vitamin D supplementation: are multivitamins sufficient?

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