Wearable-device-measured physical activity and future health risk.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Strain T
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7116559 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Wearable-device-measured physical activity and future health risk.
Strain Tessa T Wijndaele Katrien K Dempsey Paddy C PC Sharp Stephen J SJ Pearce Matthew M Jeon Justin J Lindsay Tim T Wareham Nick N Brage Søren S
Nature medicine 20200817 9
Use of wearable devices that monitor physical activity is projected to increase more than fivefold per half-decade<sup>1</sup>. We investigated how device-based physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and different intensity profiles were associated with all-cause mortality. We used a network harmonization approach to map dominant-wrist acceleration to PAEE in 96,476 UK Biobank participants (mean age 62 years, 56% female). We also calculated the fraction of PAEE accumulated from moderate-to- ...[more]
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Project description:Background and aimsPhysical activity has proven effective in preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, but its role in preventing degenerative valvular heart disease (VHD) remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore the dose-response association between moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) volume and the risk of degenerative VHD among middle-aged adults.MethodsA full week of accelerometer-derived MVPA data from 87 248 UK Biobank participants (median age 63.3, female: 56.9%) between 2013 and 2015 were used for primary analysis. Questionnaire-derived MVPA data from 361 681 UK Biobank participants (median age 57.7, female: 52.7%) between 2006 and 2010 were used for secondary analysis. The primary outcome was the diagnosis of incident degenerative VHD, including aortic valve stenosis (AS), aortic valve regurgitation (AR), and mitral valve regurgitation (MR). The secondary outcome was VHD-related intervention or mortality.ResultsIn the accelerometer-derived MVPA cohort, 555 incident AS, 201 incident AR, and 655 incident MR occurred during a median follow-up of 8.11 years. Increased MVPA volume showed a steady decline in AS risk and subsequent AS-related intervention or mortality risk, levelling off beyond approximately 300 min/week. In contrast, its association with AR or MR incidence was less apparent. The adjusted rates of AS incidence (95% confidence interval) across MVPA quartiles (Q1-Q4) were 11.60 (10.20, 13.20), 7.82 (6.63, 9.23), 5.74 (4.67, 7.08), and 5.91 (4.73, 7.39) per 10 000 person-years. The corresponding adjusted rates of AS-related intervention or mortality were 4.37 (3.52, 5.43), 2.81 (2.13, 3.71), 1.93 (1.36, 2.75), and 2.14 (1.50, 3.06) per 10 000 person-years, respectively. Aortic valve stenosis risk reduction was also observed with questionnaire-based MVPA data [adjusted absolute difference Q4 vs. Q1: AS incidence, -1.41 (-.67, -2.14) per 10 000 person-years; AS-related intervention or mortality, -.38 (-.04, -.88) per 10 000 person-years]. The beneficial association remained consistent in high-risk populations for AS, including patients with hypertension, obesity, dyslipidaemia, and chronic kidney disease.ConclusionsHigher MVPA volume was associated with a lower risk of developing AS and subsequent AS-related intervention or mortality. Future research needs to validate these findings in diverse populations with longer durations and repeated periods of activity monitoring.
| S-EPMC11825145 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Wearable devices can capture unexplored movement patterns such as brief bursts of vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA) that is embedded into everyday life, rather than being done as leisure time exercise. Here, we examined the association of VILPA with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality in 25,241 nonexercisers (mean age 61.8 years, 14,178 women/11,063 men) in the UK Biobank. Over an average follow-up of 6.9 years, during which 852 deaths occurred, VILPA was inversely associated with all three of these outcomes in a near-linear fashion. Compared with participants who engaged in no VILPA, participants who engaged in VILPA at the sample median VILPA frequency of 3 length-standardized bouts per day (lasting 1 or 2 min each) showed a 38%-40% reduction in all-cause and cancer mortality risk and a 48%-49% reduction in CVD mortality risk. Moreover, the sample median VILPA duration of 4.4 min per day was associated with a 26%-30% reduction in all-cause and cancer mortality risk and a 32%-34% reduction in CVD mortality risk. We obtained similar results when repeating the above analyses for vigorous physical activity (VPA) in 62,344 UK Biobank participants who exercised (1,552 deaths, 35,290 women/27,054 men). These results indicate that small amounts of vigorous nonexercise physical activity are associated with substantially lower mortality. VILPA in nonexercisers appears to elicit similar effects to VPA in exercisers, suggesting that VILPA may be a suitable physical activity target, especially in people not able or willing to exercise.
| S-EPMC9800274 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesWe investigated how device-measured physical activity (PA) volume (PA energy expenditure [PAEE]) and intensity (fraction of PAEE from moderate-to-vigorous PA [FMVPAEE]) were associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellites (T2DM).MethodsThis population-based prospective cohort study included 90,044 participants. The primary exposures were PAEE and FMVPAEE. The secondary exposures were energy expenditure exerted during light, moderate, and vigorous PA and their fraction of PAEE.ResultsEach 1-SD increase in PAEE was associated with a 17% lower risk of T2DM (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78-0.98). Each 1-SD increase in FMVPAEE was associated with a 21% lower incidence of T2DM (HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.74-0.83). Achieving the same PA volume (KJ/kg/day) through vigorous PA (HR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.85-0.91) was more effective in preventing T2DM than moderate PA (HR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96-0.98) and light PA (HR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-1.00).ConclusionA higher PA volume is associated with a lower incidence of T2DM. Achieving the same PA volumes through higher-intensity PA is more effective than low-intensity PA in reducing T2DM incidence.
| S-EPMC10764276 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and aimsPhysical inactivity, sedentary behaviour (SB), and inadequate sleep are key behavioural risk factors of cardiometabolic diseases. Each behaviour is mainly considered in isolation, despite clear behavioural and biological interdependencies. The aim of this study was to investigate associations of five-part movement compositions with adiposity and cardiometabolic biomarkers.MethodsCross-sectional data from six studies (n = 15 253 participants; five countries) from the Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting and Sleep consortium were analysed. Device-measured time spent in sleep, SB, standing, light-intensity physical activity (LIPA), and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) made up the composition. Outcomes included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, HDL cholesterol, total:HDL cholesterol ratio, triglycerides, and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Compositional linear regression examined associations between compositions and outcomes, including modelling time reallocation between behaviours.ResultsThe average daily composition of the sample (age: 53.7 ± 9.7 years; 54.7% female) was 7.7 h sleeping, 10.4 h sedentary, 3.1 h standing, 1.5 h LIPA, and 1.3 h MVPA. A greater MVPA proportion and smaller SB proportion were associated with better outcomes. Reallocating time from SB, standing, LIPA, or sleep into MVPA resulted in better scores across all outcomes. For example, replacing 30 min of SB, sleep, standing, or LIPA with MVPA was associated with -0.63 (95% confidence interval -0.48, -0.79), -0.43 (-0.25, -0.59), -0.40 (-0.25, -0.56), and -0.15 (0.05, -0.34) kg/m2 lower BMI, respectively. Greater relative standing time was beneficial, whereas sleep had a detrimental association when replacing LIPA/MVPA and positive association when replacing SB. The minimal displacement of any behaviour into MVPA for improved cardiometabolic health ranged from 3.8 (HbA1c) to 12.7 (triglycerides) min/day.ConclusionsCompositional data analyses revealed a distinct hierarchy of behaviours. Moderate-vigorous physical activity demonstrated the strongest, most time-efficient protective associations with cardiometabolic outcomes. Theoretical benefits from reallocating SB into sleep, standing, or LIPA required substantial changes in daily activity.
| S-EPMC10849343 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundStudies on physical activity (PA) and mental health are largely limited to self-reported PA. This study aims to use prospective cohort data to investigate the association between device-measured PA and affective disorders.MethodsA total of 37,327 participants from UK Biobank who had not had any prior affective disorder diagnoses were included in this prospective cohort study. Wrist-worn accelerometers were used to measure total, light (LPA), moderate (MPA), and vigorous (VPA) PA. Associations between PA domains and affective disorders were analysed using penalised splines in Cox proportional hazard models. Analyses were adjusted for other intensity-specific PA and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Sensitivity analyses were conducted adjusting for body mass index and longstanding illnesses as well as excluding events in the first 2 years of follow-up. Preventable fractions for the population were estimated for MPA and VPA.ResultsOver a median follow-up of 6.8 years, 1262 (3.4%) individuals were diagnosed with affective disorders. Replacing 30 min of sedentary behaviour in a week with MPA (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.94-0.97) or VPA (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.85-0.98) was associated with lower risk of affective behaviours, up to 500 and 120 min of MPA and VPA. Assuming causality, 5.14% and 18.88% of affective disorders could have been prevented if MPA ≥150 min/week and VPA ≥75 min/week were achieved, respectively, across the study population.ConclusionsDevice-measured MPA and VPA were associated with lower risk of affective disorders. The potential mental health benefits of MPA continue to accrue above the current World Health Organization recommendation.
| S-EPMC9446787 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo determine the feasibility and validity of using wearable activity trackers to test associations between gout flares with physical activity and sleep.MethodsParticipants with physician-diagnosed gout, hyperuricemia (≥ 6.8 mg/dl), current smartphone use, and ≥ 2 self-reported flares in the previous 6 months were enrolled. Physical activity, heart rate, and sleep data were obtained from wearable activity trackers (Fitbit Charge HR2). Daily compliance was defined by the availability of sufficiently complete activity data at least 80% of the day. Associations of weekly gout flares with sleep and activity were measured by comparing flare-related values to average sleep and steps per day. We used mixed linear models to account for repeated observations.ResultsForty-four participants enrolled; 33 met the criteria for minimal wear time and flare reporting, with activity tracker data available for 60.5% of all total study days. Mean ± SD age was 48.8 ± 14.9 years; 85% were men; 15% were black; 88% were on allopurinol or febuxostat, and 30% reported ≥ 6 flares in the prior 6 months. Activity trackers captured 204 (38%) person-weeks with flares and 340 (62%) person-weeks without flares. Mean ± SD daily step count was significantly lower (p < 0.0001) during weeks with gout flares (5900 ± 4071) than during non-flare periods (6972 ± 5214); sleep however did not differ.ConclusionThe pattern of wear in this study illustrates reasonable feasibility of using such devices in future arthritis research. The use of these devices to passively measure changes in physical activity patterns may provide an estimate of gout flare occurrence and duration.Trial registrationNCT, NCT02855437 . Registered 4 August 2016.
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Modic changes (MC) in the lumbar spine are considered one potential etiological factor behind low back pain (LBP). Multiple risk factors for MC have been suggested, including male gender, smoking and factors affecting hyperloading and mechanical stress such as high body mass index (BMI), strenuous physical work and high occupational and leisure-time physical activity (PA). So far, the effect of PA on the occurrence of MC has remained under debate due to contradictory findings. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible association between device-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) (? 3.5 METs) and lumbar MC. METHODS:The study had 1374 participants from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. At the age of 46-48, PA was measured by a wrist-worn accelerometer, and lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was carried out to determine MC. We analyzed the association between Type 1 (MC1) and Type 2 (MC2) MC and daily amount of MVPA (min/day) using sex-stratified logistic regression models before and after adjustment for BMI, socioeconomic status, smoking, and accelerometer wear time. RESULTS:Among men, increased amount of MVPA was positively associated with any MC (adjusted OR corresponding to every 60?min/day of MVPA 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01 to 1.95) and MC2 (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.14 to 2.08), but not with MC1 (OR 1.06; 95% CI 0.80 to 1.39). Among women, we only found a positive association between MVPA and MC1 before adjustments (unadjusted OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.92). CONCLUSION:Among men, increased amount of MVPA was associated with increased odds of any MC and particularly MC2. Among women, MVPA was not independently associated with MC.
| S-EPMC7519485 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesWe aimed to compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) with age- and sex-stratified reference material and examine the association between physical activity (PA) intensities and CVD risk factors in CCS.Materials and methodsWithin the cross-sectional, multicenter Physical Activity in Childhood Cancer Survivors (PACCS) study, we collected data on CVD risk factors [VO2-peak (mL⋅kg-1⋅min-1), body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), systolic blood pressure (SBP, mmHg), and total-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol (Total/HDL)] among CCS aged 9-18 years. CVD risk factors were compared to references with immediate t-tests. We transformed CVD risk factors into z-scores based on international references and generated an individual CVD risk score: [inverse ZVO2-peak + Z BMI + Z SBP + Z Total/HDL )/4]. Multivariable mixed linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between device-measured PA intensities and CVD risk factors.ResultsWe included 157 CCS aged on average 13.4 years at inclusion and 8.2 years from diagnosis. Male CCS had lower VO2-peak compared to references (45.4 vs. 49.4 mL⋅kg-1⋅min-1, P = 0.001), higher diastolic BP (67 vs. 63 mmHg, P < 0.001), lower HDL (1.35 vs. 1.44 mmol/L, P = 0.012), as well as a tendency to higher CVD risk score (z-score=0.14 vs. 0.00, P = .075). Female CCS' CVD risk factors were comparable to references. Vigorous-intensity PA (VPA) was associated with CVD risk factors. A 10-min increase in VPA was associated with higher VO2-peak (β = 4.9, 95% CI, 2.1-7.7), lower Total/HDL (β = -0.3, 95% CI, -0.6 to -0.1) and a lower CVD risk score (β = -0.4, 95% CI, -0.6 to -0.2).ConclusionMale adolescent CCS had less favorable values of CVD risk factors compared to references. VPA in adolescent CCS is associated with clinically meaningful favorable values of CVD risk factors.
| S-EPMC9453306 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCommercially acquired wearable activity trackers such as the Fitbit provide objective, accurate measurements of physically active time and step counts, but it is unclear whether these measurements are more clinically meaningful than self-reported physical activity.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare self-reported physical activity to Fitbit-measured step counts and then determine which is a stronger predictor of BMI by using data collected over the same period reflecting comparable physical activities.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of data collected by the Health eHeart Study, a large mobile health study of cardiovascular health and disease. Adults who linked commercially acquired Fitbits used in free-living conditions with the Health eHeart Study and completed an International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) between 2013 and 2019 were enrolled (N=1498). Fitbit step counts were used to quantify time by activity intensity in a manner comparable to the IPAQ classifications of total active time and time spent being sedentary, walking, or doing moderate activities or vigorous activities. Fitbit steps per day were computed as a measure of the overall activity for exploratory comparisons with IPAQ-measured overall activity (metabolic equivalent of task [MET]-h/wk). Measurements of physical activity were directly compared by Spearman rank correlation. Strengths of associations with BMI for Fitbit versus IPAQ measurements were compared using multivariable robust regression in the subset of participants with BMI and covariates measured.ResultsCorrelations between synchronous paired measurements from Fitbits and the IPAQ ranged in strength from weak to moderate (0.09-0.48). In the subset with BMI and covariates measured (n=586), Fitbit-derived predictors were generally stronger predictors of BMI than self-reported predictors. For example, an additional hour of Fitbit-measured vigorous activity per week was associated with nearly a full point reduction in BMI (-0.84 kg/m2, 95% CI -1.35 to -0.32) in adjusted analyses, whereas the association between self-reported vigorous activity measured by IPAQ and BMI was substantially smaller in magnitude (-0.17 kg/m2, 95% CI -0.34 to -0.00; P<.001 versus Fitbit) and was dominated by the Fitbit-derived predictor when compared head-to-head in a single adjusted multivariable model. Similar patterns of associations with BMI, with Fitbit dominating self-report, were seen for moderate activity and total active time and in comparisons between overall Fitbit steps per day and IPAQ MET-h/wk on standardized scales.ConclusionsFitbit-measured physical activity was more strongly associated with BMI than self-reported physical activity, particularly for moderate activity, vigorous activity, and summary measures of total activity. Consumer-marketed wearable activity trackers such as the Fitbit may be useful for measuring health-relevant physical activity in clinical practice and research.
| S-EPMC7803477 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundOur aim was to describe and explore older adults’ device-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity (PA) pattern by sex, age, education, marital status, body mass index, and physical function; and to assess agreement regarding fulfillment of PA recommendations, i.e. 150?min/week of moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA), between device-measured and self-reported PA.MethodWe included 656 older adults (64% women), aged 66, 81–87 or???90?years from a Swedish population-based cohort study. The activPAL3 accelerometer provided information on sedentary behavior (sedentary time, sedentary bouts, sit-to-stand transitions) and PA. Stepping ?100 steps/min was considered MVPA; standing and stepping <?100 steps/min were considered light-intensity PA (LPA). Self-reported PA was compared with min/week in MVPA and steps/day.ResultsOn average, 60% of wear time was spent sedentary, 36% in LPA, and 4% in MVPA. Relative to men, women, had significantly (p?<?0.05) more sit-to-stand transitions, spent 33?min/day less sedentary and 27?min/day more in LPA, and were more likely to report meeting PA recommendations, but showed no difference in steps/day, MVPA, or sedentary bout duration. Older age was associated with more sedentary time, lower MVPA and fewer steps/day. The prevalence of meeting PA recommendations was 59% device-measured and 88% by self-report with limited agreement between methods (Cohen’s Kappa?=?0.21, Spearman’s rho?=?0.28). Age differences were much more pronounced with objective measures than by self-report.ConclusionsWe found significant sex differences in sedentary behavior and time in LPA in older adults, but not in MVPA, in contrast to previous findings. Sedentary time increased with age, with small differences in accumulation pattern. MVPA time was lower with older age, obesity, and poor physical function. A majority of the participants >?80?years did not meet the PA recommendations. Given the strong relationships between sedentary behavior, PA and health in older adults, programs are needed to address these behaviors. Agreement between device-measured and self-reported fulfillment of PA recommendations was limited. Device-based measurement adds value to PA studies, providing richer and different data than self-report.
| S-EPMC7291490 | biostudies-literature