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Activity of human serum antibodies in an influenza virus hemagglutinin stalk-based ADCC reporter assay correlates with activity in a CD107a degranulation assay.

ABSTRACT: The stalk of the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) is an attractive target for antibody-based universal influenza virus vaccine development. While antibodies that target this part of the virus can be neutralizing, it has been shown in recent years that Fc receptor-mediated effector functions are of significant importance for the protective effect of anti-stalk antibodies. Several assays to measure Fc-Fc receptor interaction-based effector functions like antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis exist, but they suffer from limitations such as low throughput and high run-to-run variability. Reporter assays for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity based on reporter cells that express luciferase upon engagement of human Fc?RIIIa with the Fc of antigen-bound antibodies have been developed as well. These reporter assays can be used in a higher throughput setting with limited run-to-run assay variability but since they express only one Fc receptor, their biological relevance is unclear. Here we optimized an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity reporter assay to measure the activity of antibodies to the conserved stalk domain of H1 hemagglutinin. The assay was then correlated to a CD107a-based degranulation assay, and a strong and significant correlation could be observed. This data suggests that the Fc?RIIIa-based reporter assay is a good substitute for functional assays, especially in settings where larger sample numbers need to be analyzed.

SUBMITTER: Chromikova V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7117648 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Activity of human serum antibodies in an influenza virus hemagglutinin stalk-based ADCC reporter assay correlates with activity in a CD107a degranulation assay.

Chromikova Veronika V Tan Jessica J Aslam Sadaf S Rajabhathor Arvind A Bermudez-Gonzalez Maria M Ayllon Juan J Simon Viviana V García-Sastre Adolfo A Salaun Bruno B Nachbagauer Raffael R Krammer Florian F

Vaccine 20200117 8

The stalk of the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) is an attractive target for antibody-based universal influenza virus vaccine development. While antibodies that target this part of the virus can be neutralizing, it has been shown in recent years that Fc receptor-mediated effector functions are of significant importance for the protective effect of anti-stalk antibodies. Several assays to measure Fc-Fc receptor interaction-based effector functions like antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity ...[more]

PMID: 31959425

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Project description:UNLABELLED:Influenza remains a major global health burden. Seasonal vaccines offer protection but can be rendered less effective when the virus undergoes extensive antigenic drift. Antibodies that target the highly conserved hemagglutinin stalk can protect against drifted viruses, and vaccine constructs designed to induce such antibodies form the basis for a universal influenza virus vaccine approach. In this study, we analyzed baseline and postvaccination serum samples of children (6 to 59 months), adults (18 to 49 years), and elderly individuals (?65 years) who participated in clinical trials with a recombinant hemagglutinin-based vaccine. We found that baseline IgG and IgA antibodies against the H1 stalk domain correlated with the ages of patients. Children generally had very low baseline titers and did not respond well to the vaccine in terms of making stalk-specific antibodies. Adults showed the highest induction of stalk-specific antibodies, but the elderly had the highest absolute antibody titers against the stalk. Importantly, the stalk antibodies measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed neutralizing activity in neutralization assays and protected mice in a passive-transfer model in a stalk titer-dependent manner. Finally, we found similar patterns of stalk-specific antibodies directed against the H3 and influenza B virus hemagglutinins, albeit at lower levels than those measured against the H1 stalk. The relatively high levels of stalk-specific antibodies in the elderly patients may explain the previously reported low influenza virus infection rates in this age group. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00336453, NCT00539981, and NCT00395174.) IMPORTANCE:The present study provides evidence that titers of broadly neutralizing hemagglutinin stalk-reactive antibodies increase with age, possibly due to repeated exposure to divergent influenza viruses. These relatively high levels of antistalk titers may be responsible for lower circulation rates of influenza viruses in older individuals. Our findings suggest that the level of antistalk antibodies is a good surrogate marker for protection against influenza virus infection. In addition, the levels of antistalk antibodies might determine the breadth of protection against different drifted strains.

Dataset Information

Activity of human serum antibodies in an influenza virus hemagglutinin stalk-based ADCC reporter assay correlates with activity in a CD107a degranulation assay.

Publications

Activity of human serum antibodies in an influenza virus hemagglutinin stalk-based ADCC reporter assay correlates with activity in a CD107a degranulation assay.

Similar Datasets

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