Dataset Information

Antiretroviral Therapy and Viral Suppression Among Active Duty Service Members with Incident HIV Infection - United States, January 2012-June 2018.

ABSTRACT: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a deployment-limiting medical condition for U.S. armed forces in the Department of Defense (DoD) (1). HIV management using contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens permits effective suppression of viremia among persons in clinical care. Although service members with HIV infection can remain in military service, treatment outcomes have not been fully described. Data from the Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) were analyzed to estimate ART use and viral suppression among DoD service members with diagnosed HIV infection during January 2012-June 2018 (2). Among 1,050 service members newly diagnosed with HIV infection during January 1, 2012-December 31, 2017, 89.4% received ART within 6 months of HIV diagnosis, 95.4% within 12 months, and 98.7% by the end of the surveillance period on June 30, 2018. Analyses determined that, among 793 persons who initiated ART and remained in military service for ?1 year, 93.8% received continuous ART, 99.0% achieved viral suppression within 1 year after ART initiation, and 96.8% were virally suppressed at receipt of their last viral load test. The DoD model of HIV care demonstrates that service members with HIV infection who remain in care receive timely ART and can achieve both early and sustained viral suppression.

SUBMITTER: Stahlman S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7119519 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Antiretroviral Therapy and Viral Suppression Among Active Duty Service Members with Incident HIV Infection - United States, January 2012-June 2018.

Stahlman Shauna S Hakre Shilpa S Scott Paul T PT Agan Brian K BK Shell Donald D Gleeson Todd T Blaylock Jason M JM Okulicz Jason F JF

MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report 20200403 13

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a deployment-limiting medical condition for U.S. armed forces in the Department of Defense (DoD) (1). HIV management using contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens permits effective suppression of viremia among persons in clinical care. Although service members with HIV infection can remain in military service, treatment outcomes have not been fully described. Data from the Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) were analyzed to estim ...[more]

PMID: 32240126

Similar Datasets

Project description:BACKGROUND:Intestinal parasites such as Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica can cause severe diarrhea, especially among children in developing countries. This study aims to determine the frequency of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica in children with diarrhea and identify risk factors for infection. METHODOLOGY:We conducted a cross-sectional study in children aged 0-168 months hospitalized with diarrhea in three regions of Mozambique, from June 2014 to January 2018. Following consent, caretakers were interviewed and a single stool specimen was collected from each child to diagnose Cryptosporidium spp., G. lamblia and E. histolytica using commercial immune-enzymatic assay (TechLab, Inc, Blacksburg, VA, USA). Anthropometric data were collected from the clinical reports. Multivariable logistic regression models were built to identify risk factors for Cryptosporidium spp. and G. lamblia infection. RESULTS:Twenty-one percent of all specimens (212/1008) presented at least one parasitic infection. Cryptosporidium spp. infection was the most common 12.0% (118/985), followed by G. lamblia 9.7% (95/983) and E. histolytica 2.0% (20/1004). Risk factors for infection by Cryptosporidium spp. were: provenience (children from Nampula province showed the highest risk, OR: 8.176; CI: 1.916-34.894; p-value < 0.01); animal contact (children with animal contact had a protective effect OR: 0.627; CI: 0.398-0.986; p-value < 0.05); underweight (children severely underweight showed a risk of 2.309; CI: 1.310-4.069; p-value < 0.05). Risk factors for infection by G. lamblia were: age (group with highest risk, 60-168 months (OR: 2.322; CI: 1.000-5.393, p-value > 0.05)); and living in a household with five or more members (OR: 2.141; CI: 1.286-3.565, p-value < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Parasitic infection is common among children with diarrhea. Routine testing, standard treatment, and assessment for risk exposure of children with diarrhea should be implemented at health facilities in Mozambique.

Project description:BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the daily life and routines of Americans across the United States (U.S.), including those of our active-duty service members (ADSMs). Limited movement orders enacted during this time to promote social distancing prohibited access to fitness and dining facilities for ADSMs. This study aims to expand on previous work identifying changes in body mass index (BMI) among U.S. Army service members by identifying changes in body mass index (BMI) among active-duty service members from both the Navy and Marine Corps during the same time period.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of active-duty service members from the Navy and Marine Corps using data from the Military Health System Data Repository. BMI was calculated and categorized according to CDC guidelines both before (February 2019 - January 2020) and during the pandemic (September 2020 - June 2021). Women who were pregnant or delivered during and one year prior to the study periods were excluded. Statistical analyses included paired t-tests evaluating mean BMI, percent change, and the Stuart-Maxwell test for marginal homogeneity.ResultsWe identified 98,330 active-duty Sailors and 55,298 active-duty Marines for inclusion in this study. During the pandemic period the percentage of Sailors with Underweight decreased by 11%, Healthy weight decreased by 11.1%, Overweight increased by 2.1%, and the percentage of Sailors with Obesity increased by 16.5%. During this same time period, Marines with Underweight decreased by 1%, Healthy weight decreased by 16%, Overweight increased by 3.0%, and Marines with Obesity increased by 51%. The largest increases in service members with overweight and obesity observed among both cohorts were among female service members, service members under age 20, and service members with a Junior Enlisted rank.ConclusionsSignificant increases in obesity were observed amongst active-duty United States Navy and Marine Corps service members during DoD pandemic mitigation efforts. Increased rates of obesity likely effected fitness and force readiness. Future interventions should be targeted at younger, Junior-Enlisted Marines and Sailors to promote healthy lifestyles and provide education on nutrition, appropriate exercise, sleep hygiene, and stress management.

Dataset Information

Antiretroviral Therapy and Viral Suppression Among Active Duty Service Members with Incident HIV Infection - United States, January 2012-June 2018.

Publications

Antiretroviral Therapy and Viral Suppression Among Active Duty Service Members with Incident HIV Infection - United States, January 2012-June 2018.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets