Dataset Information

Molecular Characteristics of Brucella Isolates Collected From Humans in Hainan Province, China.

ABSTRACT: Brucellosis has been reported in several regions of Hainan Province, but the extent of the disease has not been fully elucidated. Conventional biotyping methods, multiple locus variable number tandem repeats analysis (MLVA), and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from draft genome sequencing were employed to characterize the strains. There were four biovars (Brucella melitensis bv. 1, 2, and 3 and Brucella suis bv. 3) detected, which showed that the biovar diversity of Brucella in Hainan is higher than in other areas of China. Both B. melitensis bv. 3 and B. suis bv. 3 were dominant species and showed epidemiology patterns that were compatible with both southern and northern China. Eight of MLVA-11 genotypes were known (31, 111, 116, 120, 136, 291, 297, and 345), and the remaining seven were novel (HN11-1 to HN11-7); these data showed that Brucella strains in this study had multiple geographic origins and exhibited characteristics of origin and evolution of co-existing imported and Hainan specific lineage. A total of 41 strains were found, belonging to 37 unique genotypes that each represented a single strain, which suggests that these strains were not directly related epidemiologically and indicates that the epidemic characteristics of human brucellosis in Hainan was dominated by sporadic strains. The high HGDI values were observed in MLVA-8, MLVA-11, and MLVA-16 among two species, suggesting considerable genetic diversity among these species. MST is characterized based on MLVA-16 that was found both throughout China and on a global level and showed that strains of this study had significant genetic differences with strains from many parts of the globe and seemingly represent a unique genetic lineage. Whole-genome SNP analysis showed that four B. melitensis were closely related to strains from China's northern provinces, and the source of infection was partly of human brucellosis in this province that may have been from these regions. The B. suis were closely related to strains from the United States, and further investigation of the transportation of animals, such as pigs, is needed to elucidate the origins of these strains.

SUBMITTER: Li Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7120952 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular Characteristics of Brucella Isolates Collected From Humans in Hainan Province, China.

Li Zhenjun Z Wang Xu-Ming XM Zhu Xiong X Wang Miao M Cheng Hai H Li Dan D Liu Zhi Guo ZG

Frontiers in microbiology 20200327

Brucellosis has been reported in several regions of Hainan Province, but the extent of the disease has not been fully elucidated. Conventional biotyping methods, multiple locus variable number tandem repeats analysis (MLVA), and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from draft genome sequencing were employed to characterize the strains. There were four biovars (Brucella melitensis bv. 1, 2, and 3 and Brucella suis bv. 3) detected, which showed that the biovar diversity of Bruce ...[more]

PMID: 32292391

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Project description:Melioidosis is a common infectious disease in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. In Hainan, several cases have been reported, but no systematic study has yet been done on the molecular epidemiology profiles of the organism. An investigation of the molecular epidemiology links and population structure of Burkholderia pseudomallei would help to better understand the clonally of the isolates and differences among them. In this study, multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were applied to examine the epidemiological relatedness and population structure of 166 B. pseudomallei isolates obtained during 2002-2014 in Hainan, China. Both the MLVA_4 and MLST approaches had high discriminatory power for this population, with diversity indices of 0.9899 and 0.9457, respectively. However, the MLVA_4 assay showed a higher discriminatory power than the MLST approach, and a variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR3 933) found by the MLVA approach was the most useful in discriminating strains from this province. A total of 166 strains yielded 99 MLVA_4 genotypes, of which 34 genotypes were shared by 101 isolates, for a clustering rate of 60.8% (101/166), which suggested that some cases may have a common source. Additionally, 65 isolates showed distinct genotypes, indicating that more than 39.2% (65/166) of melioidosis cases in Hainan had epidemiologically unrelated or sporadic characteristics. The 166 isolates were resolved into 48 STs, of which five STs (ST55, -70, -46, -50, and -58) were here found to be predominant. Phylogenetic analysis of 116 isolates conducted using the eBURST v3 segregated the 48 STs into eight groups with ST50 as predicted founder, and 21 STs were found to be singletons, which suggest that the strains in the Hainan region represent a high diversity of ST clones, indicating that many B. pseudomallei clone groups are endemic to this region. Moreover, ST50 had 5 SLV, 7 DLV, 6 TLV, and 29 satellite STs and formed a radial expansion pattern, suggesting that the melioidosis epidemic in this study was mainly caused by the clonal expansion of ST 50. Phylogenetic analysis on global scale suggests that China's isolates are closely related to isolates from Southeast Asia, particularly from Thailand and Malaysia.

Project description:BackgroundHuman brucellosis has become a severe public health problem in China's Guangxi Province, and there has been higher prevalence of brucellosis in this region after 2010. Both multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) assay schedules were used to genotype isolates and determine relationships among isolates.ResultsA total of 40 isolates of Brucella were obtained from humans, pigs, and dogs from 1961 to 2016. There were at least three species of Brucella detected in Guangxi Province, Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis, and Brucella canis, with 16, 17, and 7 isolates, respectively. Of which B. suis biovar 3 was the predominant species resulting in pig brucellosis in the area examined before 2000s. Moreover, B. melitensis biovar 3 was found to be mainly responsible for human brucellosis during 2012-2016. All B. melitensis isolates in this study belonged to East Mediterranean lineage. MLVA-11 genotype 116 was the dominant genotype and represented 81.2% of the isolates. MLVA cluster analysis showed there to be 44% (7/16) brucellosis cases caused by B. melitensis with a profile of outbreak epidemic from 2012 to 2016. However, nearly 83.3% (20/24) of brucellosis cases resulting from both B. suis and B. canis showed no epidemiological links or sporadic characteristics. MLVA-16 analysis confirmed extensive genotype-sharing events between B. melitensis isolates from Guangxi and other northern provinces within China. These data revealed that there are potential epidemiology links among these strains. B. suis strains of this study showed a unique genetic lineage at the global level and may have existed historically in this area. However, present B. canis isolates were closely related to previously reported isolates in Korea, where they may have originated. MLST typing showed that the population structure of Brucella strains had changed considerably in this province; ST17 and ST21, two previously predominant populations appeared to have been replaced by recently emerging ST8 group.ConclusionsOur investigation data have inspired the hypothesis that Guangxi Province had been subject to an imported human brucellosis epidemic. Our data suggest that strains found in Northern regions of China are the principal source of infections in recent cases of human brucellosis in Guangxi Province. Comparative genomic analysis from more strains is necessary to confirm this hypothesis. This work will facilitate better understanding of the epidemiology and improve the effectiveness of control and prevention of brucellosis in this region.

Project description:BackgroundMosquitoes are vectors of many pathogens, such as malaria, dengue virus, yellow fever virus, filaria and Japanese encephalitis virus. Wolbachia are capable of inducing a wide range of reproductive abnormalities in their hosts, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility. Wolbachia has been proposed as a tool to modify mosquitoes that are resistant to pathogen infection as an alternative vector control strategy. This study aimed to determine natural Wolbachia infections in different mosquito species across Hainan Province, China.MethodsAdult mosquitoes were collected using light traps, human landing catches and aspirators in five areas in Hainan Province from May 2020 to November 2021. Species were identified based on morphological characteristics, species-specific PCR and DNA barcoding of cox1 assays. Molecular classification of species and phylogenetic analyses of Wolbachia infections were conducted based on the sequences from PCR products of cox1, wsp, 16S rRNA and FtsZ gene segments.ResultsA total of 413 female adult mosquitoes representing 15 species were identified molecularly and analyzed. Four mosquito species (Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Armigeres subalbatus and Culex gelidus) were positive for Wolbachia infection. The overall Wolbachia infection rate for all mosquitoes tested in this study was 36.1% but varied among species. Wolbachia types A, B and mixed infections of A × B were detected in Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. A total of five wsp haplotypes, six FtsZ haplotypes and six 16S rRNA haplotypes were detected from Wolbachia infections. Phylogenetic tree analysis of wsp sequences classified them into three groups (type A, B and C) of Wolbachia strains compared to two groups each for FtsZ and 16S rRNA sequences. A novel type C Wolbachia strain was detected in Cx. gelidus by both single locus wsp gene and the combination of three genes.ConclusionOur study revealed the prevalence and distribution of Wolbachia in mosquitoes from Hainan Province, China. Knowledge of the prevalence and diversity of Wolbachia strains in local mosquito populations will provide part of the baseline information required for current and future Wolbachia-based vector control approaches to be conducted in Hainan Province.

Project description:BackgroundThe disease burden of tuberculosis (TB) was heavy in Hainan Province, China, and the information on transmission patterns was limited with few studies. This atudy aims to further explore the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of TB in Hainan Province, and thereby contribute valuable scientific evidences for TB elimination in Hainan Province.MethodsThe TB notification data in Hainan Province from 2013 to 2022 were collected from the Chinese National Disease Control Information System Tuberculosis Surveillance System, along with socio-economic data. The spatial-temporal and population distributions were analyzed, and spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted to explore TB notification rate clustering. In addition, the epidemiological characteristics of the cases among in-country migrants were described, and the delay pattern in seeking medical care was investigated. Finally, a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model was adopted to analyze the relationship between TB notification rate and socio-economic indicators. The tailored control suggestions in different regions for TB elimination was provided by understanding epidemiological characteristics and risk factors obtained by GTWR.ResultsFrom 2013 to 2022, 64,042 cases of TB were notified in Hainan Province. The estimated annual percentage change of TB notification rate in Hainan Province from 2013 to 2020 was - 6.88% [95% confidence interval (CI): - 5.30%, - 3.69%], with higher rates in central and southern regions. The majority of patients were males (76.33%) and farmers (67.80%). Cases among in-country migrants primarily originated from Sichuan (369 cases), Heilongjiang (267 cases), Hunan (236 cases), Guangdong (174 cases), and Guangxi (139 cases), accounting for 53%. The majority (98.83%) of TB cases were notified through passive case finding approaches, with delay in seeking care. The GTWR analysis showed that gross domestic product per capita, the number of medical institutions and health personnel per 10,000 people were main factors affecting the high TB notification rates in some regions in Hainan Province. Different regional tailored measures such as more TB specialized hospitals were proposed based on the characteristics of each region.ConclusionsThe notification rate of TB in Hainan Province has been declining overall but still remained high in central and southern regions. Particular attention should be paid to the prevalence of TB among males, farmers, and out-of-province migrant populations. The notification rate was also influenced by economic development and medical conditions, indicating the need of more TB specialized hospitals, active surveillance and other tailored prevention and control measures to promote the progress of TB elimination in Hainan Province.

Dataset Information

Molecular Characteristics of Brucella Isolates Collected From Humans in Hainan Province, China.

Publications

Molecular Characteristics of <i>Brucella</i> Isolates Collected From Humans in Hainan Province, China.

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