Dataset Information

Cultivar, Trait and Management System Selection to Improve Soft-Red Winter Wheat Productivity in the Eastern United States.

ABSTRACT: Wheat growing regions and seasons are diverse, mandating different varietal adaptation and management practices. Grain yield is the primary target for soft-red winter (SRW) wheat, due to lower protein content requirements. The growing season for SRW wheat in the eastern United States takes up to 9 months under variable environments, highlighting the importance of variety and management. In this study, we present the results of a 2-year field-based investigation of yield response of 30 wheat lines to different nitrogen treatments by dissecting yield to its components. For 5 out of the 30 lines, we performed in-tissue nitrogen analysis. Spring nitrogen (N) treatments were two levels of 0 kg N ha-1 (low N) and 112 kg N ha-1 (high N). On average, application of 112 kg N in the spring, in addition to fall N fertilizer, increased phytomass by 22% at maturity, enhanced fertile tiller numbers by 16%, and increased grain yield by 18% that coincided with a 26% increase in grain number per unit area. N in the grains, or the nitrogen harvest index, was lower (36% of total) in high N than in low N (40% of total) treatment, which indicated plants did not increase the in-grain utilization of N. The 18% higher grain yield with 112 kg N treatment occurred without considerable change in grain N content. However, lines with greater biomass produced greater yields in low N. Therefore, increasing tiller numbers and grain numbers for SRW wheat are the targeted traits for improving grain yield under N management, with less emphasis on the utilization of N in grains because N content is not critically influential for the marketability of soft wheat grains.

SUBMITTER: Russell B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7136473 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cultivar, Trait and Management System Selection to Improve Soft-Red Winter Wheat Productivity in the Eastern United States.

Russell Blake B Guzman Carlos C Mohammadi Mohsen M

Frontiers in plant science 20200331

Wheat growing regions and seasons are diverse, mandating different varietal adaptation and management practices. Grain yield is the primary target for soft-red winter (SRW) wheat, due to lower protein content requirements. The growing season for SRW wheat in the eastern United States takes up to 9 months under variable environments, highlighting the importance of variety and management. In this study, we present the results of a 2-year field-based investigation of yield response of 30 wheat line ...[more]

PMID: 32296452

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Project description:BackgroundGenomic selection has the potential to increase genetic gains by using molecular markers as predictors of breeding values of individuals. This study evaluated the accuracy of predictions for grain yield, heading date, plant height, and yield components in soft red winter wheat under different prediction scenarios. Response to selection for grain yield was also compared across different selection strategies- phenotypic, marker-based, genomic, combination of phenotypic and genomic, and random selections.ResultsGenomic selection was implemented through a ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction model in two scenarios- cross-validations and independent predictions. Accuracy for cross-validations was assessed using a diverse panel under different marker number, training population size, relatedness between training and validation populations, and inclusion of fixed effect in the model. The population in the first scenario was then trained and used to predict grain yield of biparental populations for independent validations. Using subsets of significant markers from association mapping increased accuracy by 64-70% for grain yield but resulted in lower accuracy for traits with high heritability such as plant height. Increasing size of training population resulted in an increase in accuracy, with maximum values reached when ~ 60% of the lines were used as a training panel. Predictions using related subpopulations also resulted in higher accuracies. Inclusion of major growth habit genes as fixed effect in the model caused increase in grain yield accuracy under a cross-validation procedure. Independent predictions resulted in accuracy ranging between - 0.14 and 0.43, dependent on the grouping of site-year data for the training and validation populations. Genomic selection was "superior" to marker-based selection in terms of response to selection for yield. Supplementing phenotypic with genomic selection resulted in approximately 10% gain in response compared to using phenotypic selection alone.ConclusionsOur results showed the effects of different factors on accuracy for yield and agronomic traits. Among the factors studied, training population size and relatedness between training and validation population had the greatest impact on accuracy. Ultimately, combining phenotypic with genomic selection would be relevant for accelerating genetic gains for yield in winter wheat.

Project description:BackgroundClimate change, including higher temperatures (HT) has a detrimental impact on wheat productivity and modeling studies predict more frequent heat waves in the future. Wheat growth can be impaired by high daytime and nighttime temperature at any developmental stage, especially during the grain filling stage. Leaf chlorophyll content, leaf greenness, cell membrane thermostability, and canopy temperature have been proposed as candidate traits to improve crop adaptation and yield potential of wheat under HT. Nonetheless, a significant gap exists in knowledge of genetic backgrounds associated with these physiological traits. Identifying genetic loci associated with these traits can facilitate physiological breeding for increased yield potential under high temperature stress condition in wheat.ResultsWe conducted genome-wide association study (GWAS) on a 236 elite soft wheat association mapping panel using 27,466 high quality single nucleotide polymorphism markers. The panel was phenotyped for three years in two locations where heat shock was common. GWAS identified 500 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) (p ≤ 9.99 × 10- 4). Ten MTAs with pleiotropic effects detected on chromosomes 1D, 2B, 3A, 3B, 6A, 7B, and 7D are potentially important targets for selection. Five MTAs associated with physiological traits had pleiotropic effects on grain yield and yield-related traits. Seventy-five MTAs were consistently expressed over several environments indicating stability and more than half of these stable MTAs were found in genes encoding different types of proteins associated with heat stress.ConclusionsWe identified 500 significant MTAs in soft winter wheat under HT stress. We found several stable loci across environments and pleiotropic markers controlling physiological and agronomic traits. After further validation, these MTAs can be used in marker-assisted selection and breeding to develop varieties with high stability for grain yield under high temperature.

Project description:The introgression from wild relatives have a great potential to broaden the availability of beneficial allelic diversity for crop improvement in breeding programs. Here, we assessed the impact of the introgression from 21 diverse accessions of Aegilops tauschii, the diploid ancestor of the wheat D genome, into 6 hard red winter wheat cultivars on yield and yield component traits. We used 5.2 million imputed D genome SNPs identified by the whole-genome sequencing of parental lines and the sequence-based genotyping of introgression population, including 351 BC1F3:5 lines. Phenotyping data collected from the irrigated and non-irrigated field trials revealed that up to 23% of the introgression lines (ILs) produce more grain than the parents and check cultivars. Based on 16 yield stability statistics, the yield of 12 ILs (3.4%) was stable across treatments, years, and locations; 5 of these lines were also high yielding lines, producing 9.8% more grain than the average yield of check cultivars. The most significant SNP- and haplotype-trait associations were identified on chromosome arms 2DS and 6DL for the spikelet number per spike (SNS), on chromosome arms 2DS, 3DS, 5DS, and 7DS for grain length (GL) and on chromosome arms 1DL, 2DS, 6DL, and 7DS for grain width (GW). The introgression of haplotypes from A. tauschii parents was associated with an increase in SNS, which was positively correlated with a heading date (HD), whereas the haplotypes from hexaploid wheat parents were associated with an increase in GW. We show that the haplotypes on 2DS associated with an increase in the spikelet number and HD are linked with multiple introgressed alleles of Ppd-D1 identified by the whole-genome sequencing of A. tauschii parents. Meanwhile, some introgressed haplotypes exhibited significant pleiotropic effects with the direction of effects on the yield component traits being largely consistent with the previously reported trade-offs, there were haplotype combinations associated with the positive trends in yield. The characterized repertoire of the introgressed haplotypes derived from A. tauschii accessions with the combined positive effects on yield and yield component traits in elite germplasm provides a valuable source of alleles for improving the productivity of winter wheat by optimizing the contribution of component traits to yield.

Dataset Information

Cultivar, Trait and Management System Selection to Improve Soft-Red Winter Wheat Productivity in the Eastern United States.

Publications

Cultivar, Trait and Management System Selection to Improve Soft-Red Winter Wheat Productivity in the Eastern United States.

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