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Cardioprotective Effect of Croton macrostachyus Stem Bark Extract and Solvent Fractions on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats.

ABSTRACT: Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant and cardioprotective activities of stem bark extract and solvent fractions of Croton macrostachyus on cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods. DPPH free radical scavenging assay method was used to determine antioxidant activity whereas Sprague-Dawley rats were used to evaluate the cardioprotective activity. Except for the normal control, all groups were subjected to cyclophosphamide (200?mg/kg, i.p.) toxicity on the first day. Enalapril at 10?mg/kg was used as a reference. The hydromethanolic crude extract (100, 200, and 400?mg/kg) and aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions (100 and 200?mg/kg, each) were administered for 10 days. The cardioprotective activities were evaluated using cardiac biomarkers such as Troponin I, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and histopathological studies of heart tissue. Results:Crude extract and ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions exhibited free radical scavenging activities at IC50 of 594??g/mL, 419??g/mL, and 716??g/mL, respectively. Crude extract at 400?mg/kg decreased the levels of troponin, AST, ALT, and ALP to 0.29?±?0.06?ng/mL, 103.00?±?7.63?U/L, 99.80?±?6.18?U/L, and 108.80?±?8.81?U/L, respectively. In addition, ethyl acetate fraction at 200?mg/kg decreased the levels of troponin, AST, ALT, and ALP to 0.22?±?0.02?ng/mL, 137.00?±?14.30?U/L, 90.33?±?6.13?U/L, and 166.67?±?13.50?U/L, respectively, compared with the cyclophosphamide control group. Conclusions:Croton macrostachyus possesses cardioprotective activities and it could be a possible source of treatment for cardiotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide.

SUBMITTER: Ayza MA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7150702 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cardioprotective Effect of <i>Croton macrostachyus</i> Stem Bark Extract and Solvent Fractions on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats.

Ayza Muluken Altaye MA Balasubramanian Rajkapoor R Berhe Abera Hadgu AH

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 20200331

<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the antioxidant and cardioprotective activities of stem bark extract and solvent fractions of <i>Croton macrostachyus</i> on cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. <i>Materials and Methods</i>. DPPH free radical scavenging assay method was used to determine antioxidant activity whereas Sprague-Dawley rats were used to evaluate the cardioprotective activity. Except for the normal control, all groups were subjected to cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg, i.p.) toxic ...[more]

PMID: 32328140

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Project description:The use of herbal medicines as complements or alternatives to orthodox medicines has been on the increase. There has been the erroneous belief that these medicines are free from adverse effects. Schefflera barteri is popularly used in the West region of Cameroon for the treatment of various diseases such as diarrhea, spasm, pneumonia and animals bite. Considering the ethnopharmacological relevance of this plant, this study was designed to investigate the possible toxic effects of the stem bark extract of S. barteri.The extract was prepared by maceration of stem bark dry powder in methylene chloride/methanol mixture. Phytochemical analysis was performed by chemical reaction method. Oral acute toxicity study was carried out by administering single geometric increasing doses (2 to 16 g/kg body weight) of plant extract to Swiss albino mice. For sub-acute toxicity study, repeated doses (100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg bw) of plant extract were given to Wistar albino rats for 28 consecutive days by oral route. At the end of the treatment period, hematological and biochemical parameters were assessed, as well as histopathological studies.Phytochemical analysis of stem bark extract of S. barteri revealed the presence of anthocyanins, anthraquinons and saponins. Acute toxicity results showed that the LD50 was greater than 16000 mg/kg. Sub-acute treatment significantly (P < 0.05) increased the level of serum transaminase, proteins and HDL cholesterol. On the other hand, the extract significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the level of leucocytes as well as neutrophils, basophils and monocytes in female. No significant variation of serum creatinine, LDL cholesterol, serum triglycerides as well as liver, spleen, testicles and ovaries proteins was noted. Histopathological analysis of organs showed vascular congestion, inflammation of peri-portal and vacuolization of hepatocytes at the level of the liver. Leucocytes infiltration of peri-portal veins were noticed on lungs and liver cells as well as inflammatory peri-bronchial and basal membranes seminar tube merely joined on lungs and testis respectively.The results suggest that acute administration of the stem bark extract of S. barteri is associated with signs of toxicity, administration over a long duration provokes hepatotoxicity, testes and lungs toxicities.

Dataset Information

Cardioprotective Effect of Croton macrostachyus Stem Bark Extract and Solvent Fractions on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats.

Publications

Cardioprotective Effect of <i>Croton macrostachyus</i> Stem Bark Extract and Solvent Fractions on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats.

Similar Datasets

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