Dataset Information

Outbreak of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 in Taiwan.

ABSTRACT: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) causes significant economic lossesin the swine industry worldwide. The PRRS virus (PRRSV) can be divided into two species, PRRSV1 (European) and PRRSV 2 (North American). In Taiwan, PRRSV 2 isolates are dominant and causerespiratory symptoms in nursing pigs. From October to November 2018, in a pig herd in centralTaiwan, pregnant sows had abortions and stillbirths, and piglets suffered from respiratorydisorders. Laboratory tests identified the presence of PRRSV 1 in serum from sows and sucklingpiglets in this scenario. The complete genome of the identified PRRSV 1 strain was geneticallyclosely related to that of a European PRRSV vaccine strain (98.2%). This local European isolate isdesignated as PRRSV/NPUST-2789-3W-2/TW/2018 (NPUST2789). This report is the first to indicatean outbreak in Taiwan of a PRRSV 1 strain that shares a common evolutionary ancestor with theEuropean PRRSV vaccine strain.

SUBMITTER: Lin WH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7150920 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Outbreak of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 in Taiwan.

Lin Wei-Hao WH Kaewprom Kraijak K Wang Sheng-Yuan SY Lin Chuen-Fu CF Yang Cheng-Yao CY Chiou Ming-Tang MT Lin Chao-Nan CN

Viruses 20200316 3

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) causes significant economic lossesin the swine industry worldwide. The PRRS virus (PRRSV) can be divided into two species, PRRSV1 (European) and PRRSV 2 (North American). In Taiwan, PRRSV 2 isolates are dominant and causerespiratory symptoms in nursing pigs. From October to November 2018, in a pig herd in centralTaiwan, pregnant sows had abortions and stillbirths, and piglets suffered from respiratorydisorders. Laboratory tests identified the ...[more]

PMID: 32188123

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Project description:Classical phylogenetic methods such as neighbor-joining or maximum likelihood trees, provide limited inferences about the evolution of important pathogens and ignore important evolutionary parameters and uncertainties, which in turn limits decision making related to surveillance, control, and prevention resources. Bayesian phylodynamic models have recently been used to test research hypotheses related to evolution of infectious agents. However, few studies have attempted to model the evolutionary dynamics of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and, to the authors' knowledge, no attempt has been made to use large volumes of routinely collected data, sometimes referred to as big data, in the context of animal disease surveillance. The objective of this study was to explore and discuss the applications of Bayesian phylodynamic methods for modeling the evolution and spread of a notable 1-7-4 RFLP-type PRRSV between 2014 and 2015. A convenience sample of 288 ORF5 sequences was collected from 5 swine production systems in the United States between September 2003 and March 2015. Using coalescence and discrete trait phylodynamic models, we were able to infer population growth and demographic history of the virus, identified the most likely ancestral system (root state posterior probability = 0.95) and revealed significant dispersal routes (Bayes factor > 6) of viral exchange among systems. Results indicate that currently circulating viruses are evolving rapidly, and show a higher level of relative genetic diversity over time, when compared to earlier relatives. Biological soundness of model results is supported by the finding that sow farms were responsible for PRRSV spread within the systems. Such results cannot be obtained by traditional phylogenetic methods, and therefore, our results provide a methodological framework for molecular epidemiological modeling of new PRRSV outbreaks and demonstrate the prospects of phylodynamic models to inform decision-making processes for routine surveillance and, ultimately, to support prevention and control of food animal disease at local and regional scales.

Dataset Information

Outbreak of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 in Taiwan.

Publications

Outbreak of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 in Taiwan.

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