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A Correlative Study of Sunflower Seed Vigor Components as Related to Genetic Background.

ABSTRACT: Seed vigor is an important trait that determines seed performance in the field, which corresponds to seed germination rate and seedling establishment. Previous works brought helpful equations to calculate several parameters allowing vigor characterization. In this work we used base water potential (?b), base temperature (Tb) and seed lot (Ki) constants to characterize the vigor of 44 sunflower seed lots. Contrasting responses to water or temperature stress and storage potential were recorded within this population, the most interesting being the opposite responses between ?b and Ki. The genotypes that were resistant to water stress presented low ability for storage and vice versa. Furthermore, ?b and Ki presented narrow ranges while Tb showed important variability within the 44 genotypes. The analysis of the whole dataset showed that these constants are not correlated to each other or to the seed size, suggesting that genetic background is the most important determining factor in seed performance. Consequently, vigor characterization of genotypes is needed in the crop selection process in order to optimize agricultural productivity.

SUBMITTER: Saux M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7154842 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Correlative Study of Sunflower Seed Vigor Components as Related to Genetic Background.

Saux Marine M Bleys Benoît B André Thierry T Bailly Christophe C El-Maarouf-Bouteau Hayat H

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 20200320 3

Seed vigor is an important trait that determines seed performance in the field, which corresponds to seed germination rate and seedling establishment. Previous works brought helpful equations to calculate several parameters allowing vigor characterization. In this work we used base water potential (Ψb), base temperature (Tb) and seed lot (Ki) constants to characterize the vigor of 44 sunflower seed lots. Contrasting responses to water or temperature stress and storage potential were recorded wit ...[more]

PMID: 32245078

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Project description:IntroductionSunflower seeds possess higher oil content than do cereal crop seeds. Storage of sunflower seeds is accompanied by loss of seed vigor and oxidation of storage and membrane lipids.ObjectivesThis study first reported that compound sodium nitrophenolate (CSN), a new plant growth modulator, improved the germination and seedling emergence of aged sunflower seeds. The present study provide a future reference as to the potential applications of CSN and the regulation mechanism of exogenous substances in increasing aged crop seed vigor.MethodsPhenotypic analysis was performed to investigate the effect of CSN on germination and seedling emergence from naturally- and artificially-aged sunflower seeds. The biochemical and enzyme activity analysis were conducted to test the CSN-induced effect on glycometabolism, fatty acid and abscisic acid metabolism. Meanwhile, gene expression analysis was carried out to detect the changes in the transcription level of sunflower seeds during early germination period after CSN treatment.ResultsCSN application significantly increased the germination rate and seedling emergence rate of sunflower seeds under natural and artificial aging. Biochemical analysis indicated that, CSN treatment significantly enhanced the sucrose and fructose contents in aged sunflower seeds during early germination period. Moreover, the contents of several different fatty acids in CSN-treated sunflower seeds also significantly increased. Enzyme activity analysis revealed that CSN treatment remarkably up-regulated the activities of several critical enzymes related to triacylglycerol hydrolysis. Consequently, the transcription levels of the above key enzymes-related synthetic genes were also significantly up-regulated in CSN treatment. Furthermore, CSN treatment significantly decreased abscisic acid (ABA) content through the regulation of the gene expressions and activities of metabolism related-enzymes.ConclusionTaken together, the contribution of CSN to the improvement of aged sunflower seed germination and seedling emergence might be closely related to the fatty acid, glycometabolism, and ABA metabolism.

Project description:Wild Helianthus species are an important genetic resource for sunflower improvement, but sometimes there are adverse interactions between the wild and cultivated sunflowers. This study reports the inheritance of reduced vigor and its restoration resulting from an interaction of perennial Helianthus cytoplasms with nuclear genes of cultivated sunflower lines. The large number of vigor restoration (V) genes identified in cultivated lines are all located at the same locus, designated V1 , suggesting a common origin of these genes. Additional V genes derived from the wild perennial species H. giganteus L. and H. hirsutus Raf. are located at a different locus than V1 , designated V2 . A major difference between the wild annual Helianthus cytoplasms and perennial cytoplasms is the lack of the vigor-reducing cytoplasms, but surprisingly V genes were observed in wild annual H. annuus L. and H. petiolaris Nutt. which were at the same locus as V1 . A common vigor-reducing cytoplasmic effect of the perennial Helianthus species and the existence of a common vigor restoration V gene in most perennial Helianthus species could be explained as a result of vigor selection during Helianthus speciation. V1 was mapped on linkage group (LG) 7 of the sunflower genome, using an F2 population derived from MOL-RV/HA 821. V1 co-segregated with an InDel marker ZVG31, with three single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, SFW01024, SFW07230, and SFW00604, located above it on the map at a genetic distance of 0.8 cM, and another SNP marker, SFW08671, below it at a distance of 0.4 cM. The physical distance between the two closest flanking SNP markers corresponds to 0.56 and 1.37 Mb on the HA 412-HO and XRQ assemblies, respectively. The tightly linked markers will help select normal vigor progenies when using perennial Helianthus cytoplasms in a breeding program, which will also provide a basis for studying the mechanism of the cytonuclear interaction, and the speciation of annual and perennial Helianthus species.

Dataset Information

A Correlative Study of Sunflower Seed Vigor Components as Related to Genetic Background.

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A Correlative Study of Sunflower Seed Vigor Components as Related to Genetic Background.

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