Dataset Information

Acute lung injury secondary to e-cigarettes or vaping.

ABSTRACT: As of October 2019, 1299 cases of "e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury" (EVALI) have been reported in the USA, with 26 deaths. Multiple patterns of lung injury have been reported, including lipoid pneumonia, organizing pneumonia, and acute eosinophilic pneumonia, with radiographic findings including diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. We report a case of lipoid pneumonia secondary to EVALI. Physicians should be alert to recognizing these patterns of lung injury, as well as emphasizing to patients the importance of e-cigarette cessation.

SUBMITTER: Freathy S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7155998 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Acute lung injury secondary to e-cigarettes or vaping.

Freathy Sarah S Kondapalli Nitin N Patlolla Srikant S Mora Adan A Trimmer Clayton C

Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) 20191223 2

As of October 2019, 1299 cases of "e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury" (EVALI) have been reported in the USA, with 26 deaths. Multiple patterns of lung injury have been reported, including lipoid pneumonia, organizing pneumonia, and acute eosinophilic pneumonia, with radiographic findings including diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. We report a case of lipoid pneumonia secondary to EVALI. Physicians should be alert to recognizing these patterns of lung injury, as well as emph ...[more]

PMID: 32313466

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Project description:"E-Cigarette (e-cig) Vaping-Associated Acute Lung Injury" (EVALI) has been linked to vitamin-E-acetate (VEA) and Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), due to their presence in patients' e-cigs and biological samples. Lacking standardized methodologies for patients' data collection and comprehensive physicochemical/toxicological studies using real-world-vapor exposures, very little data are available, thus the underlying pathophysiological mechanism of EVALI is still unknown. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and critical appraisal of existing literature on clinical/epidemiological features and physicochemical-toxicological characterization of vaping emissions associated with EVALI. The literature review of 161 medical case reports revealed that the predominant demographic pattern was healthy white male, adolescent, or young adult, vaping illicit/informal THC-containing e-cigs. The main histopathologic pattern consisted of diffuse alveolar damage with bilateral ground-glass-opacities at chest radiograph/CT, and increased number of macrophages or neutrophils and foamy-macrophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage. The chemical analysis of THC/VEA e-cig vapors showed a chemical difference between THC/VEA and the single THC or VEA. The chemical characterization of vapors from counterfeit THC-based e-cigs or in-house-prepared e-liquids using either cannabidiol (CBD), VEA, or medium-chain triglycerides (MCT), identified many toxicants, such as carbonyls, volatile organic compounds, terpenes, silicon compounds, hydrocarbons, heavy metals, pesticides and various industrial/manufacturing/automotive-related chemicals. There is very scarce published toxicological data on emissions from THC/VEA e-liquids. However, CBD, MCT, and VEA emissions exert varying degrees of cytotoxicity, inflammation, and lung damage, depending on puffing topography and cell line. Major knowledge gaps were identified, including the need for more systematic-standardized epidemiological surveys, comprehensive physicochemical characterization of real-world e-cig emissions, and mechanistic studies linking emission properties to specific toxicological outcomes.

Dataset Information

Acute lung injury secondary to e-cigarettes or vaping.

Publications

Acute lung injury secondary to e-cigarettes or vaping.

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