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Effects of post exercise protein supplementation on markers of bone turnover in adolescent swimmers.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:This study examined the effects of whey protein supplementation, compared with an isocaloric carbohydrate beverage and water, consumed immediately following an intense swimming trial on bone turnover in adolescent swimmers. METHODS:Fifty-eight (31 female, 27 male) swimmers (14.1?±?0.4?years) were stratified into three groups matched for age, sex and body mass. The protein and carbohydrate groups consumed two isocaloric post-exercise beverages each containing 0.3?g.kg-?1 of whey protein (with ~?6?mg of calcium) or maltodextrin while the control group consumed water. Participants provided a morning, fasted, resting blood sample, then performed an intense swimming trial consisting of a maximal 200?m swim followed by a high intensity interval swimming protocol (5x100m, 5x50m and 5x25m; 1:1 work-to-rest ratio). Following swimming, they consumed their first respective post-exercise beverage, and 2?h later, they performed a second maximal swim immediately followed by the second beverage. Approximately 3?h after the second beverage, two post-consumption blood samples were collected at 8?h and 24?h from baseline. Procollagen type 1 intact N-terminal propeptide (PINP) and carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks (CTXI) were measured in serum. The multiples of medians of PINP and CTXI were also used to calculate bone turnover rate and balance. RESULTS:No significant changes were observed in PINP. CTXI increased (+?11%) at 8?h in all groups, but then significantly decreased (-?22%) at 24?h in the protein group only. The protein group also had a significantly higher calculated rate of bone turnover at 8?h and 24?h compared to baseline, which was not observed in the other groups. CONCLUSIONS:These results shed light on the potential importance of protein consumed shortly after intense swimming in promoting positive bone turnover responses up to 24?h following exercise in adolescent athletes. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov PRS; NCT04114045. Registered 1 October 2019 - Retrospectively registered.

SUBMITTER: Theocharidis A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7158004 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of post exercise protein supplementation on markers of bone turnover in adolescent swimmers.

Theocharidis Alexandros A McKinlay Brandon J BJ Vlachopoulos Dimitris D Josse Andrea R AR Falk Bareket B Klentrou Panagiota P

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 20200415 1

<h4>Background</h4>This study examined the effects of whey protein supplementation, compared with an isocaloric carbohydrate beverage and water, consumed immediately following an intense swimming trial on bone turnover in adolescent swimmers.<h4>Methods</h4>Fifty-eight (31 female, 27 male) swimmers (14.1 ± 0.4 years) were stratified into three groups matched for age, sex and body mass. The protein and carbohydrate groups consumed two isocaloric post-exercise beverages each containing 0.3 g<sup>. ...[more]

PMID: 32293471

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Project description:BackgroundWhile osteoporosis is characterized by skeletal fragility due to increased bone turnover and low bone mineral density (BMD), subjects with abdominal obesity and type-2 diabetes have increased risk of bone fractures despite low bone turnover and increased BMD. Diets with increased protein content are reported to increase bone turnover in healthy adults and may be a point of interest in preserving bone strength in subjects with abdominal obesity and/or type-2 diabetes.MethodsWe examined the effect of 12-weeks dietary intervention on bone turnover in 64 adults with abdominal obesity using data from the MERITS trial. The trial was a randomized, controlled, double blinded study in which participants were allocated to receive either 60 g/d of whey protein hydrolysate or maltodextrin in combination with either high (30 g/d) or low dietary fiber intake (10 g/d). Primarily, we assessed changes in plasma markers of bone turnover Procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (p1NP), C-terminal telopeptide type-1 collagen (CTX), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) within the four intervention groups. In addition, we measured u-calcium and u-carbamide excretion, 25(OH)D, and BMD by whole body DXA scans. Finally, we compared changes in insulin resistance (Homeostasis-model assessment of insulin resistance, HOMA-IR) with changes in bone turnover markers.The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02931630.ResultsSixty-four subjects were included in the study. We did not find any effect of twelve weeks of high protein or high fiber intake on plasma levels of P1NP or CTX. There was a nonsignificant positive association between protein intake and PTH levels (p=0.06). U-calcium and u-carbamide increased in both protein groups. There was a positive association between change in HOMA-IR and PTH (p=0.042), while changes in P1NP and CTX did not associate to changes in HOMA-IR.ConclusionTwelve weeks of increased whey protein intake in subjects with abdominal obesity did not affect markers of bone turnover significantly, although tended to increase PTH levels. Dietary fiber intake did not affect bone turnover. We report a positive association between change in HOMA-IR and PTH supporting a hypothesis of insulin resistance as a potential key factor in the expanding field of bone fragility in T2D subjects.

Dataset Information

Effects of post exercise protein supplementation on markers of bone turnover in adolescent swimmers.

Publications

Effects of post exercise protein supplementation on markers of bone turnover in adolescent swimmers.

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