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Effect of circulating exosomes derived from normal-weight and obese women on gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis, lipogenesis and secretion of FGF21 and fetuin A in HepG2 cells.

ABSTRACT: Background:It is generally accepted that obesity can lead to metabolic disorders such as NAFLD and insulin resistance. However, the underlying mechanism has been poorly understood. Moreover, there is evidence to support the possible role of exosomes in the metabolic homeostasis regulation. Accordingly, we aimed to determine the effect of plasma circulating exosomes derived from obese and normal-weight women on insulin signaling and the secretion of hepatokines in human liver cells. Methods:Plasma exosomes isolated from four obese (O-Exo) women and four normal-weight (N-Exo) female candidates were characterized for size, zeta potential, and CD63 protein expression and were used for stimulation of HepG2 cells. Then, cell viability, as well as levels of glycogen and triglyceride (TG), were evaluated. Levels of fetuin-A and FGF21 were measured using the ELISA kit. Expression of glucose 6-phosphatase (G6pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) genes were determined using qRT-PCR. Western blot analysis was carried out to evaluating the phosphorylation of GSK3?. Results:The TG levels increased significantly in the cells treated with O-Exo than the control (vehicle) group (P?=?0.005) and normal-weight group (P?=?0.018). Levels of p-GSK3? and glycogen were significantly reduced by O-Exo in comparison with control (P?=?0.002, P?=?0.018, respectively). The mRNA expression of G6pase and PEPCK enzymes increased in the cells treated with O-Exo in comparison with the vehicle group (P?=?0.017, P?=?0.010, respectively). The levels of FGF21 in the supernatant of cells treated with O-Exo and N-Exo were significantly lower than the control group (P?=?0.007). Conclusion:It appears that obesity-related circulating exosomes can impair insulin signaling pathways and associated components, increase intracellular TG content, and decrease FGF21 secretion in the hepatocytes.

SUBMITTER: Afrisham R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7161281 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of circulating exosomes derived from normal-weight and obese women on gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis, lipogenesis and secretion of FGF21 and fetuin A in HepG2 cells.

Afrisham Reza R Sadegh-Nejadi Sahar S Meshkani Reza R Emamgholipour Solaleh S Paknejad Maliheh M

Diabetology & metabolic syndrome 20200415

<h4>Background</h4>It is generally accepted that obesity can lead to metabolic disorders such as NAFLD and insulin resistance. However, the underlying mechanism has been poorly understood. Moreover, there is evidence to support the possible role of exosomes in the metabolic homeostasis regulation. Accordingly, we aimed to determine the effect of plasma circulating exosomes derived from obese and normal-weight women on insulin signaling and the secretion of hepatokines in human liver cells.<h4>Me ...[more]

PMID: 32322309

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Project description:BackgroundFGF21 pharmacological treatment reverses fatty liver and lowers serum triglyceride concentration but FGF21 serum level is increased in hepatic steatosis. FGF21 secretion is induced by thyroid hormones in vitro.PurposeTo determine the influence of thyroid hormones and metabolic changes secondary to thyroid dysfunction on FGF21 secretion in humans.Materials and methodsThis was a case-control study. 82 hyperthyroid and 15 hypothyroid patients were recruited together with 25 healthy controls. Of those with hyperthyroidism, 56 received radioiodine treatment and 42 of them achieved hypothyroidism and then euthyroidism within one year following therapy. Radioiodine-induced hypothyroidism developed abruptly within a six week interval between clinic visits. FGF21 serum levels were determined with an ELISA method.ResultsSerum FGF21 levels did not differ in hyper- and hypothyroid patients in comparison to controls [median 103.25 (interquartile range, 60.90-189.48) and 86.10 (54.05-251.02) vs 85.20 (58.00-116.80) pg/mL P=0.200 and 0.503, respectively]. In hyperthyroid patients treated with radioiodine, serum FGF21 levels increased significantly in rapid-onset hypothyroidism in comparison to the hyperthyroid and euthyroid phase [median 160.55 (interquartile range, 92.48 - 259.35) vs 119.55 (67.78-192.32) and 104.43 (55.93-231.93) pg/mL, P=0.034 and 0.033, respectively]. The rising serum FGF21 level correlated positively with serum triglycerides (Spearman coefficient rs=0.36, P=0.017) and inversely with serum SHBG (rs=-0.41, P=0.007), but did not correlate with thyroid hormone levels.ConclusionsThere was a transient increase in FGF21 serum level during rapid-onset hypothyroidism following radioiodine treatment. There was no association between FGF21 serum level and thyroid hormones. In radioiodine-induced hypothyroidism, the rising serum FGF21 concentration correlated positively with rising serum triglycerides and negatively with falling SHBG, reflecting increased hepatic lipogenesis.

Dataset Information

Effect of circulating exosomes derived from normal-weight and obese women on gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis, lipogenesis and secretion of FGF21 and fetuin A in HepG2 cells.

Publications

Effect of circulating exosomes derived from normal-weight and obese women on gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis, lipogenesis and secretion of FGF21 and fetuin A in HepG2 cells.

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