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Newly emerging C group enteroviruses may elude diagnosis due to a divergent 5'-UTR.

ABSTRACT: Human enterovirus (HEV) 105 was first reported in 2012 in children from Peru and Congo. We report on the identification of a novel HEV-C105 strain in a pediatric patient in Cyprus with an upper respiratory tract infection. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of 5'-UTRs of all known HEVs revealed that our isolate belongs to a group of recently identified HEV-C viruses exhibiting a 5'-UTR distinct from all other previously known enteroviruses. This has important implications for diagnosis, as this region is the primary target for diagnostic assays. Increased awareness in laboratories may thus increase the rate of detection of enteroviruses belonging to this subspecies, or lead to the discovery of further genotypes.

SUBMITTER: Richter J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7172202 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Newly emerging C group enteroviruses may elude diagnosis due to a divergent 5'-UTR.

Richter Jan J Tryfonos Christina C Panagiotou Christakis C Nikolaou Elpiniki E Koliou Maria M Christodoulou Christina C

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases 20130907 12

Human enterovirus (HEV) 105 was first reported in 2012 in children from Peru and Congo. We report on the identification of a novel HEV-C105 strain in a pediatric patient in Cyprus with an upper respiratory tract infection. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of 5'-UTRs of all known HEVs revealed that our isolate belongs to a group of recently identified HEV-C viruses exhibiting a 5'-UTR distinct from all other previously known enteroviruses. This has important implications for diagnosis ...[more]

PMID: 24080070

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Project description:Clostridioides difficile is a gram-positive spore-forming pathogen that commonly causes diarrheal infections in the developed world. Although C. difficile is a genetically diverse species, certain ribotypes are overrepresented in human infections. It is unknown if metabolic adaptations are essential for the emergence of these epidemic ribotypes. Here, we tested carbon substrate utilization by 88 C. difficile isolates and looked for differences in growth between 22 ribotypes. By profiling clinical isolates, we assert that C. difficile is a generalist species capable of growing on a variety of carbon substrates. Further, C. difficile strains clustered by phylogenetic relationship and displayed ribotype-specific and clade-specific metabolic capabilities. Surprisingly, we observed that two emerging lineages, ribotypes 023 and 255, have divergent metabolic phenotypes. In addition, although C. difficile Clade 5 is the most evolutionary distant clade and often detected in animals, it displayed more robust growth on simple dietary sugars than Clades 1-4. Altogether, our results corroborate the generalist metabolic strategy of C. difficile and demonstrate lineage-specific metabolic capabilities. In addition, our approach can be adapted to the study of additional pathogens to ascertain their metabolic niches in the gut.ImportanceThe gut pathogen Clostridioides difficile utilizes a wide range of carbon sources. Microbial communities can be rationally designed to combat C. difficile by depleting its preferred nutrients in the gut. However, C. difficile is genetically diverse with hundreds of identified ribotypes and most of its metabolic studies were performed with lab-adapted strains. Here, we profiled carbon metabolism by a myriad of C. difficile clinical isolates. While the metabolic capabilities of these isolates clustered by their genetic lineage, we observed surprising metabolic divergence between two emerging lineages. We also found that the most genetically distant clade grew robustly on simple dietary sugars, posing intriguing questions about the adaptation of C. difficile to the human gut. Altogether, our results underscore the importance of considering the metabolic diversity of pathogens in the study of their evolution and the rational design of therapeutic interventions.

Dataset Information

Newly emerging C group enteroviruses may elude diagnosis due to a divergent 5'-UTR.

Publications

Newly emerging C group enteroviruses may elude diagnosis due to a divergent 5'-UTR.

Similar Datasets

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