Dataset Information

The Multi-Faced Extracellular Vesicles in the Plasma of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

ABSTRACT: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nanoparticles released by most cells in body fluids and extracellular matrix. They function as signal transducers in intercellular communication, contributing to the maintenance of cell and tissue integrity. EVs biogenesis is deregulated in various pathologies, in structural and functional connection to the pathophysiology of donor cells. Consequently, EVs are considered diagnostic and monitoring factors in many diseases. Despite consensus as to their activity in promoting coagulation and inflammation, there is evidence suggesting protective roles for EVs in stress states. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at high risk of developing cardiovascular defects. The pathophysiology, comorbidities, and treatment of CKD may individually and in synergy affect extracellular vesiculation in the kidney, endothelium, and blood cells. Oxidative and mechanical stresses, chronic inflammation, and deregulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis are established stressors of EV release. EVs may affect the clinical severity of CKD by transferring biological response modifiers between renal, vascular, blood, and inflammatory cells. In this Review, we focus on EVs circulating in the plasma of CKD patients. We highlight some recent advances in the understanding of their biogenesis, the effects of dialysis, and pharmacological treatments on them and their potential impact on thrombosis and vascular defects. The strong interest of the scientific community to this exciting field of research may reveal hidden pieces in the pathophysiology of CKD and thus, innovative ways to treat it. Overcoming gaps in EV biology and technical difficulties related to their size and heterogeneity will define the success of the project.

SUBMITTER: Georgatzakou HT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7174738 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Multi-Faced Extracellular Vesicles in the Plasma of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Georgatzakou Hara T HT Pavlou Efthimia G EG Papageorgiou Effie G EG Papassideri Issidora S IS Kriebardis Anastasios G AG Antonelou Marianna H MH

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 20200415

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nanoparticles released by most cells in body fluids and extracellular matrix. They function as signal transducers in intercellular communication, contributing to the maintenance of cell and tissue integrity. EVs biogenesis is deregulated in various pathologies, in structural and functional connection to the pathophysiology of donor cells. Consequently, EVs are considered diagnostic and monitoring factors in many diseases. Despite consensus as to ...[more]

PMID: 32351956

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Project description:Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of morbidity and death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Patients with CKD and ESRD are at high risk for myocardial dysfunction, ischemia and heart failure. The mechanisms linking impaired renal function and increased risk for cardiovascular diseases, however, remain elusive. In addition, conventional therapeutics proven effective in reducing cardiovascular events in general population fail to provide similar benefits in uremic patients. There is a clear need to identify novel mediators of cardiovascular complications in uremic patients to provide insights into the pathogenesis, to tailor clinical care based on cardiovascular risks, and to develop new therapeutic strategies. It has become increasingly clear that the transcription of the eukaryotic genome is far more pervasive and complex than previously appreciated. While the expression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) account for only ~1% of all transcribed species, up to 90% of the mammalian genome is transcribed as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a heterogeneous group of non-coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs have been shown to be functional and involved in specific physiological and pathological processes through epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. While the roles of lncRNAs in human diseases including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders are beginning to emerge, it remains unclear how lncRNA regulation contributes to cardiovascular complications in patients with renal dysfunction. In this proposal, we seek to apply next-generation sequencing technology to investigate circulating (plasma) lncRNA expression in control subjects and in patients with CKD and ESRD. We will test the hypothesis that circulating lncRNA expression signature can reflect the underlying kidney disease states in patients with CKD and ESRD. In addition, we will determine if circulating lncRNA expression signature could be a sensitive and specific biomarker to predict adverse cardiovascular events in patients with ESRD.

Dataset Information

The Multi-Faced Extracellular Vesicles in the Plasma of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Publications

The Multi-Faced Extracellular Vesicles in the Plasma of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Similar Datasets

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