Dataset Information

Metabolic Insights into the Anion-Anion Antagonism in Sweet Basil: Effects of Different Nitrate/Chloride Ratios in the Nutrient Solution.

ABSTRACT: Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a highly versatile and globally popular culinary herb, and a rich source of aromatic and bioactive compounds. Particularly for leafy vegetables, nutrient management allows a more efficient and sustainable improvement of crop yield and quality. In this work, we investigated the effects of balanced modulation of the concentration of two antagonist anions (nitrate and chlorine) in basil. Specifically, we evaluated the changes in yield and leaf metabolic profiles in response to four different NO₃^-:Cl^- ratios in two consecutive harvests, using a full factorial design. Our work indicated that the variation of the nitrate-chloride ratio exerts a large effect on both metabolomic profile and yield in basil, which cannot be fully explained only by an anion-anion antagonist outcome. The metabolomic reprogramming involved different biochemical classes of compounds, with distinctive traits as a function of the different nutrient ratios. Such changes involved not only a response to nutrients availability, but also to redox imbalance and oxidative stress. A network of signaling compounds, including NO and phytohormones, underlined the modeling of metabolomic signatures. Our work highlighted the potential and the magnitude of the effect of nutrient solution management in basil and provided an advancement towards understanding the metabolic response to anion antagonism in plants.

SUBMITTER: Corrado G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7177776 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Metabolic Insights into the Anion-Anion Antagonism in Sweet Basil: Effects of Different Nitrate/Chloride Ratios in the Nutrient Solution.

Corrado Giandomenico G Lucini Luigi L Miras-Moreno Begoña B Chiaiese Pasquale P Colla Giuseppe G De Pascale Stefania S Rouphael Youssef Y

International journal of molecular sciences 20200403 7

Sweet basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.) is a highly versatile and globally popular culinary herb, and a rich source of aromatic and bioactive compounds. Particularly for leafy vegetables, nutrient management allows a more efficient and sustainable improvement of crop yield and quality. In this work, we investigated the effects of balanced modulation of the concentration of two antagonist anions (nitrate and chlorine) in basil. Specifically, we evaluated the changes in yield and leaf metabolic p ...[more]

PMID: 32260073

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Project description:Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is one of the most produced aromatic herbs in the world, exploiting hydroponic systems. It has been widely assessed that macronutrients, like nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S), can strongly affect the organoleptic qualities of agricultural products, thus influencing their nutraceutical value. In addition, plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been shown to affect plant growth and quality. Azospirillum brasilense is a PGPR able to colonize the root system of different crops, promoting their growth and development and influencing the acquisition of mineral nutrients. On the bases of these observations, we aimed at investigating the impact of both mineral nutrients supply and rhizobacteria inoculation on the nutraceutical value on two different sweet basil varieties, i.e., Genovese and Red Rubin. To these objectives, basil plants have been grown in hydroponics, with nutrient solutions fortified for the concentration of either S or N, supplied as SO4 2- or NO3 -, respectively. In addition, plants were either non-inoculated or inoculated with A. brasilense. At harvest, basil plants were assessed for the yield and the nutraceutical properties of the edible parts. The cultivation of basil plants in the fortified nutrient solutions showed a general increasing trend in the accumulation of the fresh biomass, albeit the inoculation with A. brasilense did not further promote the growth. The metabolomic analyses disclosed a strong effect of treatments on the differential accumulation of metabolites in basil leaves, producing the modulation of more than 400 compounds belonging to the secondary metabolism, as phenylpropanoids, isoprenoids, alkaloids, several flavonoids, and terpenoids. The primary metabolism that resulted was also influenced by the treatments showing changes in the fatty acid, carbohydrates, and amino acids metabolism. The amino acid analysis revealed that the treatments induced an increase in arginine (Arg) content in the leaves, which has been shown to have beneficial effects on human health. In conclusion, between the two cultivars studied, Red Rubin displayed the most positive effect in terms of nutritional value, which was further enhanced following A. brasilense inoculation.

Project description:Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an economically important herb and its global production is threatened by basil downy mildew caused by the obligate biotrophic oomycete Peronospora belbahrii. Effective tools are required for functional understanding of its genes involved in synthesis of valuable secondary metabolites in essential oil and disease resistance, and breeding for varieties with improved traits. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 gene editing technology has revolutionized crop breeding and functional genomics. The applicability and efficacy of this genomic tool in the allotetraploid sweet basil were tested by editing a potential susceptibility (S) gene ObDMR1, the basil homolog of Arabidopsis DMR1 (Downy Mildew Resistant 1) whose mutations conferred nearly complete resistance against Arabidopsis downy mildew pathogen, Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. Two single guide RNAs targeting two different sites of the ObDMR1 coding sequence were designed. A total of 56 transgenic lines were obtained via Agrobacterium-mediated stable transformation. Mutational analysis of 54 T0 transgenic lines identified 92.6% lines carrying mutations at target 1 site, while a very low mutation frequency was detected at target 2 site. Deep sequencing of six T0 lines revealed various mutations at target 1 site, with a complete knockout of all alleles in one line. ObDMR1 homozygous mutant plants with some being transgene free were identified from T1 segregating populations. T2 homozygous mutant plants with 1-bp frameshift mutations exhibited a dwarf phenotype at young seedling stage. In summary, this study established a highly efficient CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing system for targeted mutagenesis in sweet basil. This system has the capacity to generate complete knockout mutants in this allotetraploid species at the first generation of transgenic plants and transgene-free homozygous mutants in the second generation. The establishment of this system is expected to accelerate basil functional genomics and breeding.

Dataset Information

Metabolic Insights into the Anion-Anion Antagonism in Sweet Basil: Effects of Different Nitrate/Chloride Ratios in the Nutrient Solution.

Publications

Metabolic Insights into the Anion-Anion Antagonism in Sweet Basil: Effects of Different Nitrate/Chloride Ratios in the Nutrient Solution.

Similar Datasets

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