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Being a front-line dentist during the Covid-19 pandemic: a literature review.

ABSTRACT: Coronavirus is an enveloped virus with positive-sense single-stranded RNA. Coronavirus infection in humans mainly affects the upper respiratory tract and to a lesser extent the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical symptoms of coronavirus infections can range from relatively mild (similar to the common cold) to severe (bronchitis, pneumonia, and renal involvement). The disease caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was called Covid-19 by the World Health Organization in February 2020. Face-to-face communication and consistent exposure to body fluids such as blood and saliva predispose dental care workers at serious risk for 2019-nCoV infection. As demonstrated by the recent coronavirus outbreak, information is not enough. During dental practice, blood and saliva can be scattered. Accordingly, dental practice can be a potential risk for dental staff, and there is a high risk of cross-infection. This article addresses all information collected to date on the virus, in accordance with the guidelines of international health care institutions, and provides a comprehensive protocol for managing possible exposure to patients or those suspected of having coronavirus.

SUBMITTER: Fallahi HR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7180678 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Being a front-line dentist during the Covid-19 pandemic: a literature review.

Fallahi Hamid Reza HR Keyhan Seied Omid SO Zandian Dana D Kim Seong-Gon SG Cheshmi Behzad B

Maxillofacial plastic and reconstructive surgery 20200424 1

Coronavirus is an enveloped virus with positive-sense single-stranded RNA. Coronavirus infection in humans mainly affects the upper respiratory tract and to a lesser extent the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical symptoms of coronavirus infections can range from relatively mild (similar to the common cold) to severe (bronchitis, pneumonia, and renal involvement). The disease caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was called Covid-19 by the World Health Organization in February 2020. Face- ...[more]

PMID: 32341913

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Project description:BackgroundThis research analyses the relations between anxiety symptoms from the network perspective to deepen the understanding of anxiety in front-line medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic and can also provide a reference for determining potential goals of clinical interventions.MethodsA convenience sampling was adopted, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) was administered to front-line medical staff through online platforms. A regularized partial correlation network of anxiety was constructed and then we evaluated its accuracy and stability. The expected influence and predictability were used to describe the relative importance and the controllability, using community detection to explore community structure. The gender-based differences and the directed acyclic graph were implemented.ResultsThe connections between A1 "Feeling nervous, anxious or on edge" and A2 "Not being able to stop or control worrying", A6 "Becoming easily annoyed or irritable" and A7 "Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen", etc., were relatively strong; A2 "Not being able to stop or control worrying" and A3 "Worrying too much about different things" had the highest expected influence, and A2 "Not being able to stop or control worrying" had the highest predictability. The community detection identified two communities. The results of the gender network comparison showed the overall intensity of the anxiety network in women was higher than that in men; DAG indicated that A2 "Not being able to stop or control worrying" had the highest probabilistic priority; the lines from A2 "Not being able to stop or control worrying" to A1 "Feeling nervous, anxious or on edge" and A2 "Not being able to stop or control worrying" to A7 "Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen" represented the most important arrows.ConclusionThere exist broad interconnections among anxiety symptoms of front-line medical staff on the GAD-7. A2 "Not being able to stop or control worrying" might be the core symptom and a potential effective intervention target. It was possible to bring an optimal result for the entire GAD symptom network by interfering with A2 "Not being able to stop or control worrying". GAD may have two "subsystems". The modes of interconnection among anxiety may be consistent between genders.

Project description:ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the presence of perceived stressors, psychological safety and teamwork in healthcare professionals. As the timeframe for this study spanned the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, data were captured demonstrating the impact of the pandemic on these factors.DesignQualitative interview study.SettingAll staff working within the emergency and critical care departments of one National Health Service Trust in London, UK.ParticipantsForty-nine participants were recruited using a purposive sampling technique and interviewed when the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic had subsided.Main outcome measuresEvaluation of changes in perceived stressors, psychological safety and teamwork in individuals working during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsThe thematic analysis relating to a participant's lived experiences while working during COVID-19 led to the construction of five key themes, including 'psychological effects' and 'changes in team dynamics'. Several psychological effects were described, including the presence of psychological distress and insights into the aetiology of moral injury. There was marked heterogeneity in participants' response to COVID-19, particularly with respect to changes in team dynamics and the perception of a psychologically safe environment. Descriptions of improved team cohesiveness and camaraderie contrasted with stories of new barriers, notably due to the high workload and the impact of personal protective equipment. Building on these themes, a map of key changes arising due to the pandemic was developed, highlighting potential opportunities to provide targeted support.ConclusionsWorking on the front line of a pandemic can have significant implications for healthcare workers, putting them at risk of psychological distress and moral injury, as well as affecting team dynamics. There is striking heterogeneity in the manifestation of these challenges. Team leaders can use the themes and qualitative data from this study to help identify areas for management focus and individual and team support.

Project description:The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed substantial burdens on clinicians and there is a need to better understand the impact on mental health and well-being. This scoping review investigates the prevalence of mental health concerns in anaesthetists, risk and protective factors for mental well-being, and anaesthetists' pandemic-related concerns and support. We searched online databases for articles published between January 2020 and May 2022, using search terms related to: anaesthesia; burnout, well-being, mental health or stress; and COVID-19. We identified 20 articles comprising 19 different populations of anaesthetists (n = 8680) from 14 countries. Studies identified the prevalence of the following condition in anaesthetists: burnout (14-59%); stress (50-71%); anxiety (11-74%); depression (12-67%); post-traumatic stress (17-25%); psychological distress (52%); and insomnia (17-61%). Significant risk factors for poorer mental health included: direct COVID-19-related issues (fear of self and family exposure to infection; requirement for quarantine); practitioner health factors (insomnia; comorbidities); psychosocial factors (loneliness; isolation; perceived lack of support at home and work); demographic factors (female gender; non-white ethnicity; LGBTQIA+); and workplace factors (redeployment outside area of clinical practice; increased work effort; personal protective equipment shortages). Protective factors identified included: job satisfaction; perceived organisational justice; older age; and male sex. Anaesthetists' self-reported concerns related to: personal protective equipment; resource allocation; fear of infection; fear of financial loss; increased workload; and effective communication of protocols for patient treatment. Support from family, colleagues and hospital management was identified as an important coping mechanism. Findings from this review may support the design of interventions to enhance anaesthetists' psychological health during pandemic conditions and beyond. Future research should include consistent psychological outcome measures and rigorous experimental design beyond cross-sectional studies.

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Being a front-line dentist during the Covid-19 pandemic: a literature review.

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Being a front-line dentist during the Covid-19 pandemic: a literature review.

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