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Structures, Properties and Potential Applications of Corncob Residue Modified by Carboxymethylation.

ABSTRACT: In this study, corncob residue (CR) valorization was simply and efficiently realized via carboxymethylation, and its enhanced performance as fillers in urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin was investigated. The structures of corncob residue and carboxymethylated derivative were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman techniques, respectively. The thermal stability, morphology, viscosity control, and adhesive strength were then investigated to evaluate its performance as fillers in UF resin composite. Similar to commercial flour, carboxymethylated CR could effectively disperse in UF resin. It also exhibited a better initial viscosity control between 30 and 50 °C. The adhesive test analysis showed that the shear strength of resin with carboxymethylated CR addition could reach 1.04 MPa, which was comparable to flour (0.99 MPa) and significantly higher than raw CR (0.45 MPa). Moreover, a low formaldehyde emission was observed.

SUBMITTER: Gao S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7183323 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Structures, Properties and Potential Applications of Corncob Residue Modified by Carboxymethylation.

Gao Shishuai S Liu Yupeng Y Wang Chunpeng C Chu Fuxiang F Xu Feng F Zhang Daihui D

Polymers 20200311 3

In this study, corncob residue (CR) valorization was simply and efficiently realized via carboxymethylation, and its enhanced performance as fillers in urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin was investigated. The structures of corncob residue and carboxymethylated derivative were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman techniques, respectively. The thermal stability, morphology, viscosity control, and adhesive strength were then investigated ...[more]

PMID: 32168912

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Project description:BackgroundThe human mouth is a natural laboratory for studying how bacterial communities differ across habitats. Different bacteria colonize different surfaces in the mouth-teeth, tongue dorsum, and keratinized and non-keratinized epithelia-despite the short physical distance between these habitats and their connection through saliva. We sought to determine whether more tightly defined microhabitats might have more tightly defined sets of resident bacteria. A microhabitat may be characterized, for example, as the space adjacent to a particular species of bacterium. Corncob structures of dental plaque, consisting of coccoid bacteria bound to filaments of Corynebacterium cells, present an opportunity to analyze the community structure of one such well-defined microhabitat within a complex natural biofilm. Here, we investigate by fluorescence in situ hybridization and spectral imaging the composition of the cocci decorating the filaments.ResultsThe range of taxa observed in corncobs was limited to a small subset of the taxa present in dental plaque. Among four major groups of dental plaque streptococci, two were the major constituents of corncobs, including one that was the most abundant Streptococcus species in corncobs despite being relatively rare in dental plaque overall. Images showed both Streptococcus types in corncobs in all individual donors, suggesting that the taxa have different ecological roles or that mechanisms exist for stabilizing the persistence of functionally redundant taxa in the population. Direct taxon-taxon interactions were observed not only between the Streptococcus cells and the central corncob filament but also between Streptococcus cells and the limited subset of other plaque bacteria detected in the corncobs, indicating species ensembles involving these taxa as well.ConclusionsThe spatial organization we observed in corncobs suggests that each of the microbial participants can interact with multiple, albeit limited, potential partners, a feature that may encourage the long-term stability of the community. Additionally, our results suggest the general principle that a precisely defined microhabitat will be inhabited by a small and well-defined set of microbial taxa. Thus, our results are important for understanding the structure and organizing principles of natural biofilms and lay the groundwork for future work to modulate and control biofilms for human health. Video Abstract.

Dataset Information

Structures, Properties and Potential Applications of Corncob Residue Modified by Carboxymethylation.

Publications

Structures, Properties and Potential Applications of Corncob Residue Modified by Carboxymethylation.

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