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Agricultural policy reforms: Roles of markets and states in China and India.

ABSTRACT: Market reforms have been given much of the credit for China's spectacular growth performance. This paper looks at China's reform process systematically, along with India's, and argues that the Chinese state has played a key role in transforming China into a modern economic state, deploying unlimited supplies of labor and combining it with a variety of initiatives in a pragmatic, nonideological way to promote public and private investment and create productive employment in agricultural, manufacturing, and service sectors. In contrast, India's reforms have been sporadic and are still a work in progress. The record-breaking expansion of China's financial system in fostering investments was initially overlooked, but has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Is China unique, or are lessons from the Chinese experience for public policy and its sequencing transferrable to agricultural and structural transformation in countries lagging behind, including India?

SUBMITTER: Lele U

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7186202 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Agricultural policy reforms: Roles of markets and states in China and India.

Lele Uma U Goswami Sambuddha S

Global food security 20200428

Market reforms have been given much of the credit for China's spectacular growth performance. This paper looks at China's reform process systematically, along with India's, and argues that the Chinese state has played a key role in transforming China into a modern economic state, deploying unlimited supplies of labor and combining it with a variety of initiatives in a pragmatic, nonideological way to promote public and private investment and create productive employment in agricultural, manufact ...[more]

PMID: 32346503

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Project description:Unhealthy foods and tobacco remain the leading causes of non-communicable disease (NCDs). These are key agricultural commodities for many countries, and NCD prevention policy needs to consider how to influence production towards healthier options. There has been little scholarship to bridge the agriculture with the public health literature that seeks to address the supply of healthy commodities. This scoping review synthesizes the literature on government agricultural policy and production in order to 1) present a typology of policies used to influence agricultural production, 2) to provide a preliminary overview of the ways that impact is assessed in this literature, and 3) to bring this literature into conversation with the literature on food and tobacco supply.This review analyzes the literature on government agricultural policy and production. Articles written in English and published between January 1997 and April 2018 (20-year range) were included. Only quantitative evaluations were included. Studies that collected qualitative data to supplement the quantitative analysis were also included. One hundred and three articles were included for data extraction. The following information was extracted: article details (e.g., author, title, journal), policy details (e.g., policy tools, goals, context), methods used to evaluate the policy (e.g., outcomes evaluated, sample size, limitations), and study findings. Fifty four studies examined the impact of policy on agricultural production. The remaining articles assessed land allocation (n?=?25) (e.g., crop diversification, acreage expansion), efficiency (n?=?23), rates of employment including on- and off-farm employment (n?=?18), and farm income (n?=?17) among others. Input supports, output supports and technical support had an impact on production, income and other outcomes. Although there were important exceptions, largely attributed to farm level allocation of labour or resources. Financial supports were most commonly evaluated including cash subsidies, credit, and tax benefits. This type of support resulted in an equal number of studies reporting increased production as those with no effects.This review provides initial extrapolative insights from the general literature on the impact of government policies on agricultural production. This review can inform dialogue between the health and agricultural sector and evaluative research on policy for alternatives to tobacco production and unhealthy food supply.

Dataset Information

Agricultural policy reforms: Roles of markets and states in China and India.

Publications

Agricultural policy reforms: Roles of markets and states in China and India.

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