Leaf shape is a predictor of fruit quality and cultivar performance in tomato.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Rowland SD
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7187315 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:NAC transcription factors (TFs) are important regulators of expressional reprogramming during plant development, stress responses, and leaf senescence. NAC TFs also play important roles in fruit ripening. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), one of the best characterized NACs involved in fruit ripening is NON-RIPENING (NOR), and the non-ripening (nor) mutation has been widely used to extend fruit shelf life in elite varieties. Here, we show that NOR additionally controls leaf senescence. Expression of NOR increases with leaf age, and developmental as well as dark-induced senescence are delayed in the nor mutant, while overexpression of NOR promotes leaf senescence. Genes associated with chlorophyll degradation as well as senescence-associated genes (SAGs) show reduced and elevated expression, respectively, in nor mutants and NOR overexpressors. Overexpression of NOR also stimulates leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. In tomato, NOR supports senescence by directly and positively regulating the expression of several senescence-associated genes including, besides others, SlSAG15 and SlSAG113, SlSGR1, and SlYLS4. Finally, we find that another senescence control NAC TF, namely SlNAP2, acts upstream of NOR to regulate its expression. Our data support a model whereby NAC TFs have often been recruited by higher plants for both the control of leaf senescence and fruit ripening.
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Project description:The environment has a profound influence on the tomato fruit organoleptic quality. The extent of which depends from a well-regulated and dynamic interplay among genes, metabolites and sensorial attributes. A systems biology approach, could be useful for elucidating complex interacting mechanisms regulating the plasticity of sensorial quality properties. In order to investigate the transcriptomic and metabolomic environmentally challenged remodeling and to evaluate organoleptic consequences of such variation, three tomato (Solanumlycopersisum) genotypes, Heinz 1706, San Marzano and Vesuviano were grown in two different localities. The metabolome and transcriptome analysis revealed common as well as genotype specific challenged pathways, the dynamic of which are in turn regulated by genome organization and gene diversity. When combined with sensorial data, through a network analysis, interesting aspects of fruit quality fine regulation were revealed: first, duplicated genes and different genes/isoforms and transcription factors have a dominant role in shaping environment response; second the lost or gained interactions and/or the changing position of a node is crucial for phenotypic expression of a given trait; third, sensorial traits as sweetness, turgidity and are much responsive to environment. The fundamental role of cell wall metabolism in tuning all the quality attributes was also highlighted. Tomato genotypes, although activate the same fruit related quality processes, follow different transcriptomic, metabolomic and sensorial trajectories depending of their own genetic makeup.
2017-06-13 | GSE75273 | GEO
Project description:The phytohormone auxin is involved in many aspects of plant growth and developmental processes. The tomato Aux/IAA transcription factor SlIAA9/ENTIRE/E plays an important role in leaf morphogenesis and fruit development, and the E gene encodes a protein from the Aux/IAA family of auxin response repressors. Both SlIAA9-RNAi transgenic and entire (e) mutant plants reduce the leaf complexity in tomato, but the underlying mechanism is not yet completely resolved. Auxin signaling is known to regulate target genes expression via Aux/IAA and ARFs (auxin response factors) transcriptional regulators. ARFs mediate a wide range of developmental processes. Through an Y2H (yeast two-hybrid) assay coupled with expression profiling of the SlARF genes family, we identified a group of ARFs: SlARF6A, SlARF8A, SlARF8B, and SlARF24. Pull-down and BiFC (Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation) results demonstrated that these SlARFs interact with SlIAA9 in vitro and in vivo, and the e mutation altered the expression patterns of multiple SlARFs. The simple leaves of the e mutant were partially converted to wild-type compound leaves by VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing) of these four SlARFs. Furthermore, IAA content in these samples was significantly increased compared to the e mutant. In addition, SlARF6A and SlARF24 bound to the SlPIN1 promoter and act as transcriptional activators to regulate genes expression involved in leaflet initiation. It may also suggest that SlARFs regulate leaf morphology through direct binding to auxin-responsive genes in the absence of SlIAA9, providing an insight for the role of SlARFs in leaf shape development.
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Project description:In order to find the specific promoter of tomato exocarp, we extracted RNA extraction from the red ripe exocarp, red ripe mesocarp, mature green exocarp, mature green exocarp and leaf cells, and then performed RNA seq to find the differential genes from the Transcriptome data. Our data provides gene expression data for three tissues of tomato during the red ripe and mature green stages, laying the foundation for the search for differential genes
2023-06-20 | GSE235023 | GEO
Project description:Identification of tomato varieties able to exhibit higher accumulation of primary and secondary metabolites in their fruits is currently a main objective in tomato breeding. One tool to improve fruit quality is to cultivate the plants under salt stress, although improvement of fruit quality is generally accompanied by productivity losses. However, it is very interesting to implement strategies aiming at enhancing fruit quality of tomato by means of growing plants in moderate salt stress that allows for a sustainable fruit yield. The traditional tomato varieties adapted to the Mediterranean environmental constraints may be very attractive plant materials to achieve this goal, given the wide range of fruit quality traits because of their genetic diversity. Here, agronomic responses and fruit quality traits, including primary and secondary metabolites, were analyzed in fruits of two Mediterranean traditional tomato varieties named "Tomate Pimiento" ("TP") and "Muchamiel Aperado" ("MA") because of the pepper and pear shape of their fruits, using as reference the commercial cultivar "Moneymaker" ("MM"). Plants were grown without salt (control) and with moderate salt stress (50 mM NaCl), which did not affect fruit yield in any variety. "TP" is of great interest because of its high soluble solids content (SSC) in control, which is even higher in salt, whereas "MA" is very attractive because of its high Brix yield index (SSC × fruit yield), used as overall fruit quality measure. Similitude between both traditional varieties were found for primary metabolism, as they significantly increased sucrose contents compared with "MM" in red ripe fruits from plants in control and, especially, salt stress conditions. The most remarkable difference was the high constitutive levels of total amino acids in "TP" fruits, including the three major free amino acids found in tomato fruit, GABA, glutamate, and glutamine, which even increased under salinity. Regarding secondary metabolites, the most interesting change induced by salinity was the increase in α-tocopherol found in red ripe fruits of both "TP" and "MA." These results reveal the interest of traditional varieties as sources of genetic variation in breeding because of their improvement of tomato fruit quality without production losses under moderate salt stress.
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