Dataset Information

Interhemispheric asymmetry of c-Fos expression in glomeruli and the olfactory tubercle following repeated odor stimulation.

ABSTRACT: Odor adaptation allows the olfactory system to regulate sensitivity to different stimulus intensities, which is essential for preventing saturation of the cell-transducing machinery and maintaining high sensitivity to persistent and repetitive odor stimuli. Although many studies have investigated the structure and mechanisms of the mammalian olfactory system that responds to chemical sensation, few studies have considered differences in neuronal activation that depend on the manner in which the olfactory system is exposed to odorants, or examined activity patterns of olfactory-related regions in the brain under different odor exposure conditions. To address these questions, we designed three different odor exposure conditions that mimicked diverse odor environments and analyzed c-Fos-expressing cells (c-Fos+ cells) in the odor columns of the olfactory bulb (OB). We then measured differences in the proportions of c-Fos-expressing cell types depending on the odor exposure condition. Surprisingly, under the specific odor condition in which the olfactory system was repeatedly exposed to the odorant for 1 min at 5-min intervals, one of the lateral odor columns and the ipsilateral hemisphere of the olfactory tubercle had more c-Fos+ cells than the other three odor columns and the contralateral hemisphere of the olfactory tubercle. However, this interhemispheric asymmetry of c-Fos expression was not observed in the anterior piriform cortex. To confirm whether the anterior olfactory nucleus pars externa (AONpE), which connects the left and right OB, contributes to this asymmetry, AONpE-lesioned mice were analyzed under the specific odor exposure condition. Asymmetric c-Fos expression was not observed in the OB or the olfactory tubercle. These data indicate that the c-Fos expression patterns of the olfactory-related regions in the brain are influenced by the odor exposure condition and that asymmetric c-Fos expression in these regions was observed under a specific odor exposure condition due to synaptic linkage via the AONpE.

SUBMITTER: Jae Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7193154 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Interhemispheric asymmetry of c-Fos expression in glomeruli and the olfactory tubercle following repeated odor stimulation.

Jae YoonGyu Y Lee NaHye N Moon Dae Won DW Koo JaeHyung J

FEBS open bio 20200413 5

Odor adaptation allows the olfactory system to regulate sensitivity to different stimulus intensities, which is essential for preventing saturation of the cell-transducing machinery and maintaining high sensitivity to persistent and repetitive odor stimuli. Although many studies have investigated the structure and mechanisms of the mammalian olfactory system that responds to chemical sensation, few studies have considered differences in neuronal activation that depend on the manner in which the ...[more]

PMID: 32237058

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Project description:We developed a mathematical model of a hypothetical neuronal signal transduction pathway to better understand olfactory perception in Caenorhabditis elegans. This worm has only three pairs of olfactory receptor neurons. Intracellular Ca(2+) decreases in one pair of olfactory neurons in C. elegans, the AWC neurons, following application of an attractive odor and there is a transient increase in intracellular Ca(2+) following removal of odor. The magnitude of this increase is positively correlated with the duration of odor stimulation. Additionally, this Ca(2+) transient is induced by a cGMP second messenger system. We identified likely candidates for the signal transduction molecules functioning in this system based on available gene expression and physiological data from AWCs. Our model incorporated a G-protein-coupled odor receptor, a G-protein, a guanylate cyclase as the G-protein effector, and a single phosphodiesterase. Additionally, a cyclic-nucleotide-gated ion channel and a voltage-gated ion channel that mediated calcium influx were incorporated into the model. We posited that, upon odor stimulation, guanylate cyclase was suppressed by the G-protein and that, upon cessation of the stimulus, the G-protein-induced suppression ceased and cGMP synthesis was restored. A key element of our model was a Ca(2+)-dependent negative feedback loop that ensured that the calcium increases were transient. Two guanylate cyclase-activating proteins acted on the effector guanylate cyclase to negatively regulate cGMP signaling and the resulting calcium influx. Our model was able to closely replicate in silico three important features of the calcium dynamics of AWCs. Specifically, in our simulations, [Ca(2+)] increased rapidly and reached its peak within 10 s after the odor stimulus was removed, peak [Ca(2+)] increased with longer odor exposure, and [Ca(2+)] decreased during a second stimulus that closely followed an initial stimulus. However, application of random background signal ('noise') showed that certain components of the pathway were particularly sensitive to this noise.

Dataset Information

Interhemispheric asymmetry of c-Fos expression in glomeruli and the olfactory tubercle following repeated odor stimulation.

Publications

Interhemispheric asymmetry of c-Fos expression in glomeruli and the olfactory tubercle following repeated odor stimulation.

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