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Broadband frequency translation through time refraction in an epsilon-near-zero material.


ABSTRACT: Space-time duality in paraxial optical wave propagation implies the existence of intriguing effects when light interacts with a material exhibiting two refractive indexes separated by a boundary in time. The direct consequence of such time-refraction effect is a change in the frequency of light while leaving the wavevector unchanged. Here, we experimentally show that the effect of time refraction is significantly enhanced in an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) medium as a consequence of the optically induced unity-order refractive index change in a sub-picosecond time scale. Specifically, we demonstrate broadband and controllable shift (up to 14.9?THz) in the frequency of a light beam using a time-varying subwavelength-thick indium tin oxide (ITO) film in its ENZ spectral range. Our findings hint at the possibility of designing (3?+?1)D metamaterials by incorporating time-varying bulk ENZ materials, and they present a unique playground to investigate various novel effects in the time domain.

SUBMITTER: Zhou Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7195366 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Broadband frequency translation through time refraction in an epsilon-near-zero material.

Zhou Yiyu Y   Alam M Zahirul MZ   Karimi Mohammad M   Upham Jeremy J   Reshef Orad O   Liu Cong C   Willner Alan E AE   Boyd Robert W RW  

Nature communications 20200501 1


Space-time duality in paraxial optical wave propagation implies the existence of intriguing effects when light interacts with a material exhibiting two refractive indexes separated by a boundary in time. The direct consequence of such time-refraction effect is a change in the frequency of light while leaving the wavevector unchanged. Here, we experimentally show that the effect of time refraction is significantly enhanced in an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) medium as a consequence of the optically ind  ...[more]

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