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Evidence of an increased prevalence of multiple sclerosis: a population-based study of Tehran registry during 1999-2018.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The epidemiological characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) have been investigated in various studies, which have revealed that the prevalence of MS varies across countries. The present study was conducted to investigate the longitudinal prevalence of MS in Tehran, Iran. METHODS:The present population-based study was conducted in Tehran, the capital of Iran from 1999 to 2018 based on the annual report data provided by the Iranian MS Society (IMSS) registry system. The age-standardized and crude prevalence were estimated using population data presented by the Statistical Centre of Iran. RESULTS:A total of 21,580 MS cases were registered and included in the analysis. Among the participant patients, 24.99% (5393) and 75.01% (16,187) of cases were male and female, respectively. The mean age of MS onset was 28.8?years (S.D: 8.7). The age-standardized prevalence (ASP) of MS increased from 73.7 (95%CI: 72.1-75.2) per 100,000 people in 2006 to 137.6 (95% CI: 135.7-139.5) per 100,000 people in 2018. The ASP of MS in 2018 was estimated to be 67.9 (95%CI: 66.0-69.8) and 207.3 (95%CI: 204.0-210.7) per 100,000 people among males and females, respectively. The age-standardized female-to-male ratio of MS ranged from 3.7 (in 2010) to 2.06 (in 2017). CONCLUSION:The findings of this study suggested that the prevalence of MS in Tehran province is relatively high, and the occurrence of the disease is more common in the age groups under 40?years as compared with older-aged groups. In line with reports provided for various regions of the world, the prevalence of MS was higher among women. Similarly, the findings of this study revealed that the female-to-male ratio was 2.14 in 2018.

SUBMITTER: Almasi-Hashiani A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7195783 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evidence of an increased prevalence of multiple sclerosis: a population-based study of Tehran registry during 1999-2018.

Almasi-Hashiani Amir A Sahraian Mohammad Ali MA Eskandarieh Sharareh S

BMC neurology 20200502 1

<h4>Background</h4>The epidemiological characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) have been investigated in various studies, which have revealed that the prevalence of MS varies across countries. The present study was conducted to investigate the longitudinal prevalence of MS in Tehran, Iran.<h4>Methods</h4>The present population-based study was conducted in Tehran, the capital of Iran from 1999 to 2018 based on the annual report data provided by the Iranian MS Society (IMSS) registry system. Th ...[more]

PMID: 32359352

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Project description:BackgroundThe aim of the current study is to assess the prevalence of different categories of thyroid dysfunction and their associated risk factors among the modern urban population of Tehran, the capital of Iran.MethodsThe present investigation is a sub-study of the HAMRAH study, a population-based prospective study designed to assess the prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and their changes through a 10-year follow-up. 2228 (61% female) adults aged between 30 and 75 years old and with no overt cardiovascular diseases were selected through a multistage cluster randomized sampling. Blood levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxin (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3) were measured with the aim of assessing the prevalence of abnormal thyroid function status among the modern urban Iranian population, and in order to report the total prevalence of participants with clinical hypo- or hyperthyroidism, the number of individuals taking thyroid-related drugs were added to the ones with overt thyroid dysfunction. A subgroup analysis was also performed to determine the associated risk factors of thyroid dysfunction.ResultsThe prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among the total population was 7% (95%CI: 5.9 - 8%) and 0.4% (95% CI: 0.1 - 0.6%) for subclinical and overt hypothyroidism, and 1.6% (95% CI: 1 - 2%) and 0.2% (95% CI: 0 - 0.3%) for subclinical and overt hyperthyroidism, respectively. Clinical thyroid dysfunction was detected in 10.3% of the study population (9.4% had clinical hypo- and 0.9% had clinical hyperthyroidism). In the subgroup analysis, thyroid dysfunction was significantly more prevalent among the female participants (P-value = 0.029).ConclusionsIn the current study, the prevalence of different categories of abnormal thyroid status, and also the rate of clinical hypo- and hyperthyroidism was assessed using the data collected from the first phase of the HAMRAH Study. In this study, we detected a higher prevalence of clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism among the Iranian population compared to the previous studies.

Project description:ImportanceImproved understanding of trends in the proportion of individuals with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) may facilitate stratification and management of obesity and inform policy efforts.ObjectivesTo characterize trends in the prevalence of MHO among US adults with obesity, overall and by sociodemographic subgroups.Design, setting, and participantsThis survey study included 20 430 adult participants from 10 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles between 1999-2000 and 2017-2018. The NHANES is a series of cross-sectional and nationally representative surveys of the US population conducted continuously in 2-year cycles. Data were analyzed from November 2021 to August 2022.ExposuresNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles from 1999-2000 to 2017-2018.Main outcomes and measuresMetabolically healthy obesity was defined as a body mass index of 30.0 (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) without any metabolic disorders in blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), or triglycerides based on established cutoffs. Trends in the age-standardized prevalence of MHO were estimated using logistic regression analysis.ResultsThis study included 20 430 participants. Their weighted mean (SE) age was 47.1 (0.2) years; 50.8% were women, and 68.8% self-reported their race and ethnicity as non-Hispanic White. The age-standardized prevalence (95% CI) of MHO increased from 3.2% (2.6%-3.8%) in the 1999-2002 cycles to 6.6% (5.3%-7.9%) in the 2015-2018 cycles (P < .001 for trend). There were 7386 adults with obesity. Their weighted mean (SE) age was 48.0 (0.3) years, and 53.5% were women. The age-standardized proportion (95% CI) of MHO among these 7386 adults increased from 10.6% (8.8%-12.5%) in the 1999-2002 cycles to 15.0% (12.4%-17.6%) in the 2015-2018 cycles (P = .02 for trend). Substantial increases in the proportion of MHO were observed for adults aged 60 years or older, men, non-Hispanic White individuals, and those with higher income, private insurance, or class I obesity. In addition, there were significant decreases in the age-standardized prevalence (95% CI) of elevated triglycerides (from 44.9% [40.9%-48.9%] to 29.0% [25.7%-32.4%]; P < .001 for trend) and reduced HDL-C (from 51.1% [47.6%-54.6%] to 39.6% [36.3%-43.0%]; P = .006 for trend). There was also a significant increase in elevated FPG (from 49.7% [95% CI, 46.3%-53.0%] to 58.0% [54.8%-61.3%]; P < .001 for trend) but no significant change in elevated blood pressure (from 57.3% [53.9%-60.7%] to 54.0% [50.9%-57.1%]; P = .28 for trend).Conclusions and relevanceThe findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that the age-standardized proportion of MHO increased among US adults from 1999 to 2018, but differences in trends existed across sociodemographic subgroups. Effective strategies are needed to improve metabolic health status and prevent obesity-related complications in adults with obesity.

Project description:Data on familial recurrence rates of complex diseases such as multiple sclerosis give important hints to aetiological factors such as the importance of genes and environment. By linking national registries, we sought to avoid common limitations of clinic-based studies such as low numbers, poor representation of the population and selection bias. Through the Swedish Multiple Sclerosis Registry and a nationwide hospital registry, a total of 28 396 patients with multiple sclerosis were identified. We used the national Multi-Generation Registry to identify first and second degree relatives as well as cousins, and the Swedish Twin Registry to identify twins of patients with multiple sclerosis. Crude and age corrected familial risks were estimated for cases and found to be in the same range as previously published figures. Matched population-based controls were used to calculate relative risks, revealing lower estimates of familial multiple sclerosis risks than previously reported, with a sibling recurrence risk (?s = 7.1; 95% confidence interval: 6.42-7.86). Surprisingly, despite a well-established lower prevalence of multiple sclerosis amongst males, the relative risks were equal among maternal and paternal relations. A previously reported increased risk in maternal relations could thus not be replicated. An observed higher transmission rate from fathers to sons compared with mothers to sons suggested a higher transmission to offspring from the less prevalent sex; therefore, presence of the so-called 'Carter effect' could not be excluded. We estimated the heritability of multiple sclerosis using 74 757 twin pairs with known zygosity, of which 315 were affected with multiple sclerosis, and added information from 2.5 million sibling pairs to increase power. The heritability was estimated to be 0.64 (0.36-0.76), whereas the shared environmental component was estimated to be 0.01 (0.00-0.18). In summary, whereas multiple sclerosis is to a great extent an inherited trait, the familial relative risks may be lower than usually reported.

Dataset Information

Evidence of an increased prevalence of multiple sclerosis: a population-based study of Tehran registry during 1999-2018.

Publications

Evidence of an increased prevalence of multiple sclerosis: a population-based study of Tehran registry during 1999-2018.

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