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Depressive symptoms in adolescent girls at-risk for type 2 diabetes and their parents.

ABSTRACT: Few studies have characterized the relation between parent's depression symptoms and adolescent's depression symptoms in adolescents at-risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). We evaluated the associations of parental depression symptoms with the depression symptoms and metabolic functioning of adolescent offspring at-risk for T2D. One-hundred sixteen parents and adolescent girls with a family history of diabetes completed surveys of depression symptoms. Adolescents' degree of metabolic risk for T2D was estimated from body mass index (BMI; kg/m²) standard score, percent adiposity from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan, and whole body insulin sensitivity index determined from glucose/insulin concentrations during a two-hour oral glucose tolerance test. Parents' and adolescents' depression symptoms were significantly associated, even after accounting for race/ethnicity, age, puberty, body composition, and parental diabetes/BMI. Adjusting for similar covariates, parent depression symptoms also were positively related to adolescents' BMI standard score and had a trend-level association with adiposity. There was an inverse relation between parental depression symptoms and adolescent insulin sensitivity, which was entirely accounted for by adolescent body composition. The associations of parental depression symptoms with more elevated depression symptoms and higher BMI in adolescents at-risk for T2D has potential implications for interventions addressing these co-morbid health conditions.

SUBMITTER: Shomaker LB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7196518 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Depressive symptoms in adolescent girls at-risk for type 2 diabetes and their parents.

Shomaker Lauren B LB Cox Shelby S Lehman Devon P DP Kelly Nichole R NR Thompson Katherine A KA Mehari Rim M RM Brady Sheila M SM Galescu Ovidiu A OA Demidowich Andrew P AP Chen Kong Y KY Tanofsky-Kraff Marian M Yanovski Jack A JA

Psychology, health & medicine 20191104 5

Few studies have characterized the relation between parent's depression symptoms and adolescent's depression symptoms in adolescents at-risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). We evaluated the associations of parental depression symptoms with the depression symptoms and metabolic functioning of adolescent offspring at-risk for T2D. One-hundred sixteen parents and adolescent girls with a family history of diabetes completed surveys of depression symptoms. Adolescents' degree of metabolic risk for T2D was ...[more]

PMID: 31684760

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:(1) Evaluate feasibility and acceptability of a mindfulness-based group in adolescent girls at-risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) with depressive symptoms, and (2) compare efficacy of a mindfulness-based versus cognitive-behavioral group for decreasing depressive symptoms and improving insulin resistance. DESIGN AND SETTING:Parallel-group, randomized controlled pilot trial conducted at a university. PARTICIPANTS:Thirty-three girls 12-17y with overweight/obesity, family history of diabetes, and elevated depressive symptoms were randomized to a six-week mindfulness-based (n=17) or cognitive-behavioral program (n=16). INTERVENTIONS:Both interventions included six, one-hour weekly group sessions. The mindfulness-based program included guided mindfulness awareness practices. The cognitive-behavioral program involved cognitive restructuring and behavioral activation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Adolescents were evaluated at baseline, post-intervention, and six-months. Feasibility/acceptability were measured by attendance and program ratings. Depressive symptoms were assessed by validated survey. Insulin resistance was determined from fasting insulin and glucose, and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to assess body composition. RESULTS:Most adolescents attended ?80% sessions (mindfulness: 92% versus cognitive-behavioral: 87%, p=1.00). Acceptability ratings were strong. At post-treatment and six-months, adolescents in the mindfulness condition had greater decreases in depressive symptoms than adolescents in the cognitive-behavioral condition (ps<.05). Compared to the cognitive-behavioral condition, adolescents in the mindfulness-based intervention also had greater decreases in insulin resistance and fasting insulin at post-treatment, adjusting for fat mass and other covariates (ps<.05). CONCLUSIONS:A mindfulness-based intervention shows feasibility and acceptability in girls at-risk for T2D with depressive symptoms. Compared to a cognitive-behavioral program, after the intervention, adolescents who received mindfulness showed greater reductions in depressive symptoms and better insulin resistance. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02218138 clinicaltrials.gov.

Project description:BackgroundIn sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), adolescent girls and young women are three times more likely than boys to have depressive disorders. Understanding adolescents' unique and common vulnerabilities and protective factors is essential for the development of appropriate interventions and programming focused on child and adolescent mental health. This paper examines the prevalence and predictors of depressive symptoms among high school adolescent girls in southern Uganda.MethodsBaseline data from a longitudinal cluster randomized study involving 1260 adolescent girls (14-17 years), recruited from 47 secondary schools were utilized. Depressive symptoms were estimated using the 21-item Beck's Depression Inventory. Hierarchical linear regression modelling was utilized to estimate key predictors of depressive symptoms among adolescent girls.ResultsOf the total sample, 16.35% (n = 206) reported severe depressive symptoms and almost one in every three adolescent girls interviewed (29.68%, n = 374) reported moderate symptoms. These symptoms were more prevalent among older adolescents (16 years and above). In addition, family relationships, social support, as well as measures of psychological wellbeing (self-concept and self-esteem) were all associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms. Hopelessness was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms among adolescent girls.ConclusionFindings from this study indicate a high prevalence of depressive symptoms, especially among older adolescent girls. In addition, family support factors and adolescents' psychological wellbeing were associated with low levels of depressive symptoms -pointing to the need to strengthen family functioning and adolescent's psychological wellbeing to mitigate risks. Taken together, findings support increasing calls for early screening and detection of depressive symptoms to facilitate timely referral to care and treatment. Findings may also inform the development and incorporation of gender-specific mental health components in programming targeting adolescent girls, in low-resource communities in SSA.Trial registrationThis trial was prospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number: NCT03307226 ) on 11 October 2017.

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Depressive symptoms in adolescent girls at-risk for type 2 diabetes and their parents.

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Depressive symptoms in adolescent girls at-risk for type 2 diabetes and their parents.

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