Dataset Information

Four decades of socio-economic inequality and secular change in the physical growth of Guatemalans.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To investigate changes in socio-economic inequalities in growth in height, weight, BMI and grip strength in children born during 1955-1993 in Guatemala, a period of marked socio-economic-political change.

Design

We modelled longitudinal data on height, weight, BMI and hand grip strength using Super-Imposition by Translation and Rotation (SITAR). Internal Z-scores summarising growth size, timing and intensity (peak growth velocity, e.g. cm/year) were created to investigate inequalities by socio-economic position (SEP; measured by school attended). Interactions of SEP with date of birth were investigated to capture secular changes in inequalities.

Setting

Urban and peri-urban schools in the region of Guatemala City, Guatemala.

Participants

Participants were 40 484 children and adolescents aged 3-19 years of Ladino and Maya ancestry (nobservations 157 067).

Results

The difference in height (SITAR size) between lowest and highest SEP decreased from -2·0 (95 % CI -2·2, -1·9) sd to -1·4 (95 % CI -1·5, -1·3) sd in males, and from -2·0 (95 % CI -2·1, -1·9) sd to -1·2 (95 % CI -1·3, -1·2) sd in females over the study period. Inequalities also reduced for weight, BMI and grip strength, due to greater secular increases in lowest-SEP groups. The puberty period was earlier and shorter in higher-SEP individuals (earlier SITAR timing and higher SITAR intensity). All SEP groups showed increases in BMI intensity over time.

Conclusions

Inequality narrowed between the 1960s and 1990s. The lowest-SEP groups were still >1 sd shorter than the highest. Risks remain for reduced human capital and poorer population health for urban Guatemalans.

SUBMITTER: Mansukoski L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7196735 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Four decades of socio-economic inequality and secular change in the physical growth of Guatemalans.

Mansukoski Liina L Johnson William W Brooke-Wavell Katherine K Galvez-Sobral J Andres JA Furlán Luis L Cole Tim J TJ Bogin Barry B

Public health nutrition 20191205 8

<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate changes in socio-economic inequalities in growth in height, weight, BMI and grip strength in children born during 1955-1993 in Guatemala, a period of marked socio-economic-political change.<h4>Design</h4>We modelled longitudinal data on height, weight, BMI and hand grip strength using Super-Imposition by Translation and Rotation (SITAR). Internal Z-scores summarising growth size, timing and intensity (peak growth velocity, e.g. cm/year) were created to investigat ...[more]

PMID: 31801643

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Dataset Information

Four decades of socio-economic inequality and secular change in the physical growth of Guatemalans.

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Four decades of socio-economic inequality and secular change in the physical growth of Guatemalans.

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