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Fetal head position and perineal distension associated with the use of the BD Odon Device™ in operative vaginal birth: a simulation study.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To investigate (1) the placement of the BD Odon Device on the model fetal head and (2) perineal distention during simulated operative vaginal births conducted with the BD Odon Device. DESIGN:Observational simulation study. SETTING:North Bristol NHS Trust, UK. POPULATION OR SAMPLE:Four hundred and forty simulated operative vaginal births. METHODS:Three bespoke fetal mannequins were developed to represent (1) bi-parietal diameter of the 50th centile at term, (2) bi-parietal diameter at the 5th centile at term, and (3) 50th centile head with 2 cm of caput. Siting of the BD Odon Device on model heads was determined before and after 400 simulated operative vaginal births. Variables were analysed to determine their effect on device siting and movement during birth. The fetal mannequins were placed inside a maternal mannequin and the BD Odon Device was placed around the fetal head as per the instructions for use. The location of the air cuff was determined before and after the head was delivered. Perineal distension was determined by recording maximum perineal distention during a simulated operative vaginal birth using the same procedure, as well as scenarios employing an inappropriately non-deflated air cuff (for the BD Odon Device), the Kiwi ventouse and non-rotational forceps. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Site and displacement during birth of the BD Odon Device on a model head. Maximal perineal distension during birth. RESULTS:The BD Odon Device was reliably sited in a standard over the fetal head position (approximately 40 mm above the fetal chin) for all stations, head sizes and positions with no significant displacement. In occipito-posterior births, compared with occipito-anterior or transverse, the BD Odon Device routinely sited further down the fetal head (toward the chin). The BD Odon Device was not associated with more perineal distension compared with forceps or Kiwi ventouse (respectively 21, 26 and 21 mm at posterior fourchette). CONCLUSIONS:The BD Odon Device reliably sited over a safe area of the fetal head in 400 simulated births representative of clinical practice. The BD Odon Device generates similar levels of perineal distension compared with Kiwi ventouse when used correctly. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT:Location of the BD Odon Device on a fetal head in simulation.

SUBMITTER: O'Brien SM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7198112 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fetal head position and perineal distension associated with the use of the BD Odon Device™ in operative vaginal birth: a simulation study.

O'Brien S M SM Winter C C Burden C A CA Boulvain M M Draycott T J TJ Crofts J F JF

BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology 20170901

<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate (1) the placement of the BD Odon Device on the model fetal head and (2) perineal distention during simulated operative vaginal births conducted with the BD Odon Device.<h4>Design</h4>Observational simulation study.<h4>Setting</h4>North Bristol NHS Trust, UK.<h4>Population or sample</h4>Four hundred and forty simulated operative vaginal births.<h4>Methods</h4>Three bespoke fetal mannequins were developed to represent (1) bi-parietal diameter of the 50th centile at ...[more]

PMID: 28940873

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:To determine the pressure and traction forces exerted on a model fetal head by the BD Odon Device, forceps and Kiwi ventouse during simulated births. DESIGN:Simulation study. SETTING:Simulated operative vaginal birth. POPULATION OR SAMPLE:Eighty-four simulated operative vaginal births. METHODS:A bespoke fetal mannequin with pressure sensors around the head and strain gauge across the neck was used to investigate pressure applied over the head, and traction across the neck during 84 simulated births using the BD Odon Device, non-rotational forceps and Kiwi ventouse. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Peak pressure on the fetal face and lateral aspects of the head during correct use of the BD Odon Device and forceps. Peak pressure on orbits and neck during misplacement of the BD Odon Device and forceps. Peak traction force generated until instrument failure using the BD Odon Device, forceps and Kiwi ventouse. RESULTS:When correctly sited and using 80 kPa inflation pressure on the cuff, the BD Odon Device generated a lower peak pressure on the fetal head than forceps (83 versus 146 kPa). When instruments were purposefully misplaced over the orbits, the BD Odon Device generated a lower peak pressure on the orbits compared with forceps (70 versus 123 kPa). When purposefully misplaced over the neck, the BD Odon Device, compared with forceps, generated a greater peak pressure on the anterio-lateral aspect of the neck (56 versus 17 kPa) and a lower peak pressure on the posterior aspect of the neck (76 versus 93 kPa) than forceps. In cases of true cephalic disproportion, the BD Odon Device 'popped-off' at a lower traction force than did forceps (208 versus 270 N). CONCLUSIONS:In simulated assisted vaginal birth with correctly placed instruments, the peak pressure exerted on the fetal head by a BD Odon Device is lower than the pressure exerted by non-rotational forceps. In cases in which delivery of the fetal head is not possible due to cephalo-pelvic disproportion, lower traction forces could be applied using the BD Odon Device than with forceps before the procedure was abandoned due to device failure. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT:BD Odon Device exerts less pressure on a model fetal head than forceps, but more than Kiwi ventouse.

Project description:BackgroundNo new method of assisting vaginal birth has been introduced into clinical practice since the development of the vacuum extractor in the 1950s. The Odon Device is a new device that employs a circumferential air cuff over the fetal head to assist birth. In this study, the Odon Device has been used to assist vaginal birth for standard clinical indications.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the clinical impact, safety, and acceptability of the Odon Device to women, their babies, and clinicians and to assess the feasibility of recruiting women to an interventional intrapartum research study.Study designThis is a nonrandomized, single-arm interventional feasibility study of the Odon Device for operative vaginal birth undertaken in a single maternity unit: Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom. The Odon Device was used to assist birth in 40 women who required the birth to be assisted for suspected fetal compromise and/or prolonged second stage of labor. The primary clinical outcome was the proportion of births successfully assisted with the Odon Device, and the primary feasibility outcome was the proportion of eligible women who were approached and who agreed to participate. Neonatal outcome data were reviewed at day 28, and maternal outcomes were investigated up to day 90.ResultsBetween October 2018 and January 2019, 298 of 384 approached, eligible women (77.6%) consented to participate. Of these women, 40 received the intervention-the use of the Odon Device. Birth was assisted in all cephalic (occiput anterior, occiput transverse, and occiput posterior) fetal positions, at all stations at or below the ischial spine and with or without regional analgesia. The Odon Device was effective in 19 of 40 cases (48%). Of the 40 births, 21 (52.5%) required additional assistance: 18 of 40 births (45%) were completed using nonrotational forceps, 1 of 40 births (3%) required rotational forceps, and 2 of 40 births (5%) required an emergency cesarean delivery. There was no serious maternal or neonatal adverse event related to the use of the device, and there was no serious adverse device effect. There were 4 devices (10%) that were ineffective because of a manufacturing fault. Furthermore, 39 of 40 women (98%) reported a high birth perception score. All practitioners were able to use the device as intended, although some steps in using the device were reported to be easier to perform (setup and deflation of air chamber) than others (application of the device and withdrawal of the applicator).ConclusionRecruitment to an interventional study of a new device for operative vaginal birth was feasible; 78% of eligible women were willing to participate, often expressing an aspiration for an alternative to forceps and vacuum. The success rate of the Odon Device was lower than reported success rates of vacuum and forceps; however, in this study, the device had been used to assist birth for standard clinical indications. There was no significant maternal or neonatal safety concern associated with the use of the device, although the number of births studied was small. Further feasibility study to establish iterative changes to the device, technique, and clinical indications is necessary.

Project description:BackgroundThe Odon Device™ is a new device for assisted vaginal birth that employs an air cuff around the fetal head for traction. Assisted vaginal birth (AVB) is a vital health intervention that can result in better outcomes for mothers and their babies when complications arise in the second stage of labour. Unfortunately, instruments for AVB (forceps and ventouse) are often not used in settings where there is most clinical need often due to lack of training and resources, resulting in maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality which could have been prevented. This is often due to a lack of trained operators as well as difficulties in the sterilisation and maintenance of AVB devices. This novel, single use device has the potential to mitigate these difficulties as it is single use and is potentially simpler to use than forceps and ventouse. All the studies of the Odon Device to date (pre-clinical, preliminary developmental and clinical) suggest that the Odon Device does not present a higher risk to mothers or babies compared to current standard care, and recruitment to intrapartum research exploring the device is feasible and acceptable to women. The first study in which the Odon Device was used in clinically indicated conditions (the ASSIST Study) reported a lower efficacy than those reported with established devices. The reasons need to be explored, specifically focussing on learning curve, the technique of the doctors using this new device and potential modifications to device design. A follow-on clinical study to further investigate the efficacy and safety of the Odon Device in its indicated use, the ASSIST II Study, is therefore being undertaken.MethodsThe primary feasibility outcome is study feasibility (recruitment and retention rates) whilst the primary clinical outcome successful vaginal birth completed with the Odon Device. Key secondary feasibility outcomes include participant withdrawal, compliance in data collection and acceptability of the device to women and operators. Secondary clinical outcomes include maternal, neonatal and device outcomes. Safety data will be reviewed following every birth exploring maternal, neonatal and device risks. Using A'Hern approach for sample size calculation, we aim to recruit 104 women requiring an assisted vaginal birth for a recognised clinical indication. Assuming an AVB success rate of 65% or more, a one-sided alpha risk of 5% and power of 90%.DiscussionThe data from the ASSIST II Study will provide the information required regarding acceptability, recruitment, outcome data collection, device design, technique of device use and operator learning curve in order to design a future randomised controlled trial of the Odon Device versus current modes of assisted vaginal birth.Trial registrationISRCTN registration: 38829082 (prospectively registered July 26, 2019).

Project description:Knowledge of female genital anatomy and physiology is often inadequate or incorrect among women. Precise patient-physician conversations can be inhibited by a reluctance or inability to speak accurately about the vulva and vagina, with the terms often being used interchangeably. There is a paucity of scientific evidence and clinical guidelines to support women and physicians in ensuring best practices in feminine hygiene. In this review, the unmet needs in the field are highlighted. Evidence is provided for the complex array of physiological and pathological systems, mechanisms and behaviours that either protect or, if inappropriate, predispose the vulva and vagina to infections, irritation or other conditions. The need for attention to perineal health is recommended, given the interdependence of perineal and vulvar microbiota and the risk of colonic pathogens reaching the vulva and the vagina. Differences in feminine hygiene practices can vary widely across the world and among varying age groups, and suboptimal habits (such as vaginal douching or the use of certain cleansers) can be associated with increased risks of vulvar and vaginal conditions. Critical areas for discussion when advising women on their intimate health include: advice surrounding aesthetic vulvar cosmetic trends (such as depilation and genital cosmetic surgery), bowel health and habits, and protection against sexually transmitted infections. Routine, once-daily (maximum twice-daily) washing of the vulva with a pH-balanced, mild cleanser is optimal, ideally soon after bowel voiding, when feasible. Due to the finely balanced ecosystems of the vulva, the vagina and the perineal area, a scientific and clinical perspective is essential when determining the most appropriate vulvar cleansers based on their components. Correct intimate care may contribute to improved genital and sexual health and overall well-being. An increased awareness of correct practices will empower women to be the advocates of their own intimate health.

Project description:ObjectiveWhen novel devices are used 'in human' for the first time, their optimal use is uncertain because clinicians only have experience from preclinical studies. This study aimed to investigate factors that might optimise use of the Odon Device for assisted vaginal birth.DesignWe undertook qualitative case studies within the ASSIST Study, a feasibility study of the Odon Device. Each 'case' was defined as one use of the device and included at least one of the following: observation of the attempted assisted birth, and an interview with the obstetrician, midwife or woman. Data collection and thematic analysis ran iteratively and in parallel.SettingTertiary referral National Health Service maternity unit in the Southwest of England.ParticipantsWomen requiring a clinically indicated assisted vaginal birth.InterventionThe Odon Device, an innovative device for assisted vaginal birth.Primary and secondary outcome measuresDetermining the optimal device technique, device design and defining clinical parameters for use.ResultsThirty-nine cases involving an attempted Odon-assisted birth were included in this study, of which 19 resulted in a successful birth with the device. Factors that improved use included optimisation of device technique, device design and clinical parameters for use. Technique adaptations included: applying the device during, rather than between, contractions; having a flexible approach to the application angle; and deflating the air cuff sooner than originally proposed. Three design modifications were proposed involving the deflation button and sleeve. Although use of the device was found to be appropriate in all fetal positions, it was considered contraindicated when the fetal station was at the ischial spines.ConclusionsCase study methodology facilitated the acquisition of rapid insights into device function in clinical practice, providing key insights regarding use, design and key clinical parameters for success. This methodology should be considered whenever innovative devices are introduced into clinical practice.Trial registration numberISRCTN10203171.

Dataset Information

Fetal head position and perineal distension associated with the use of the BD Odon Device™ in operative vaginal birth: a simulation study.

Publications

Fetal head position and perineal distension associated with the use of the BD Odon Device™ in operative vaginal birth: a simulation study.

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