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Dietary energy density is associated with body mass index-for-age in Mexican adolescents.

ABSTRACT: Dietary energy density (DED) has been widely considered a risk factor for weight gain. In adolescents, however, the evidence is inconclusive, and in Mexico, the ways in which DED is associated with overweight and obesity are unknown. Our study analysed the association of DED with overweight or obesity (OW-O) in Mexican adolescents included in the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012 (ENSANUT 2012). We analysed the data from a 7-day Food Frequency Questionnaire administered to 2,203 Mexican adolescents aged 12-19 years. DED was calculated excluding all beverages. Plausible and implausible reporters were identified based on the relationship between the reported energy intake and the estimated energy requirement. The association of DED with body mass index (BMI)-for-age and OW-O was analysed using multivariate statistical models restricted to plausible reporters. The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 35.4% in the complete sample and 27.8% in the sample of plausible reporters. Mean DED was 177 kcal/100 g, with higher DED in the north of the country. The proportion of plausible reporters was 38.5%. We found a positive association between high DED and the BMI-for-age z-score (? = 0.347; 95% CI [0.101, 0.594]; P = 0.006), controlling for sociodemographic and dietary variables, but no significant association with OW-O. It is necessary to consider the DED in the design and implementation of strategies to reduce energy density in the diets of young Mexicans.

SUBMITTER: Arango-Angarita A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7198965 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dietary energy density is associated with body mass index-for-age in Mexican adolescents.

Arango-Angarita Andrea A Shamah-Levy Teresa T Rodríguez-Ramírez Sonia S

Maternal & child nutrition 20180917 2

Dietary energy density (DED) has been widely considered a risk factor for weight gain. In adolescents, however, the evidence is inconclusive, and in Mexico, the ways in which DED is associated with overweight and obesity are unknown. Our study analysed the association of DED with overweight or obesity (OW-O) in Mexican adolescents included in the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012 (ENSANUT 2012). We analysed the data from a 7-day Food Frequency Questionnaire administered to 2,203 Mexican ...[more]

PMID: 30225859

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Project description:BackgroundObesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) are public health concerns in Mexico of top-level priority due to their high prevalence and their growth rate in recent decades. The accumulation of adipose tissue leads to an unbalanced release of pro-oxidant factors, which causes cellular damage and favors the development of comorbidities. Recent evidence suggests that oxidative stress also promotes the accumulation of adipose tissue and the development of insulin resistance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between usual intake of antioxidant nutrients, specifically vitamins A, C, E and magnesium with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and serum glucose concentrations in a representative sample of Mexican adults.MethodologyWe analyzed data on diet, BMI, WC and serum glucose from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012. Analysis included 20- to 65-year-old adults without a known diagnosis of DM (n?=?1573). Dietary information was obtained using the five-step multiple-pass method developed by the United States Department of Agriculture and adapted to the Mexican context. Nutrient usual intake distributions were estimated using the Iowa State University method, through the "Software for Intake Distribution Estimation" (PC-Side) v.1.02. Associations were analyzed using multivariate regression models.ResultsHigher dietary magnesium intake was associated with lower markers of adiposity, so that an increase in 10?mg per 1000?kcal/day of magnesium was associated with an average decrease in BMI of 0.72% (95% CI: -1.36, -?0.08) and 0.49?cm (95% CI: -0.92, -?0.07) of WC. Additionally, in women with normal glucose concentrations, an increase in magnesium intake was associated with an average decrease in serum glucose by 0.59% (95% CI: -1.08, -?0.09).ConclusionThe results suggest that magnesium intake is associated with lower BMI, WC and serum glucose in Mexican population. However, more studies are required to elucidate the nature of this association.

Project description:Rates of childhood obesity have increased since the mid-1970s. Research into behavioural determinants has focused on physical inactivity and unhealthy diets. Cross-sectional studies indicate an association between psychological stress experienced by parents and obesity in pre-adolescents.We provide evidence of a prospective association between parental psychological stress and increased weight gain in pre-adolescents. Family-level support for those experiencing chronic stress might help promote healthy diet and exercise behaviours in children.We examined the impact of parental psychological stress on body mass index (BMI) in pre-adolescent children over 4?years of follow-up.We included 4078 children aged 5-10?years (90% were between 5.5 and 7.5?years) at study entry (2002-2003) in the Children's Health Study, a prospective cohort study in southern California. A multi-level linear model simultaneously examined the effect of parental stress at study entry on the attained BMI at age 10 and the slope of change across annual measures of BMI during follow-up, controlled for the child's age and sex. BMI was calculated based on objective measurements of height and weight by trained technicians following a standardized procedure.A two standard deviation increase in parental stress at study entry was associated with an increase in predicted BMI attained by age 10 of 0.287?kg?m(-2) (95% confidence interval 0.016-0.558; a 2% increase at this age for a participant of average attained BMI). The same increase in parental stress was also associated with an increased trajectory of weight gain over follow-up, with the slope of change in BMI increased by 0.054?kg?m(-2) (95% confidence interval 0.007-0.100; a 7% increase in the slope of change for a participant of average BMI trajectory).We prospectively demonstrated a small effect of parental stress on BMI at age 10 and weight gain earlier in life than reported previously. Interventions to address the burden of childhood obesity should address the role of parental stress in children.

Dataset Information

Dietary energy density is associated with body mass index-for-age in Mexican adolescents.

Publications

Dietary energy density is associated with body mass index-for-age in Mexican adolescents.

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