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Immune correlates of the Thai RV144 HIV vaccine regimen in South Africa.


ABSTRACT: One of the most successful HIV vaccines to date, the RV144 vaccine tested in Thailand, demonstrated correlates of protection including cross-clade V1V2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) breadth, Env-specific CD4+ T cell polyfunctionality, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vaccinees with low IgA binding. The HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) 097 trial evaluated this vaccine regimen in South Africa, where clade C HIV-1 predominates. We compared cellular and humoral responses at peak and durability immunogenicity time points in HVTN 097 and RV144 vaccinee samples, and evaluated vaccine-matched and cross-clade immune responses. At peak immunogenicity, HVTN 097 vaccinees exhibited significantly higher cellular and humoral immune responses than RV144 vaccinees. CD4+ T cell responses were more frequent in HVTN 097 irrespective of age and sex, and CD4+ T cell Env-specific functionality scores were higher in HVTN 097. Env-specific CD40L+ CD4+ T cells were more common in HVTN 097, with individuals having this pattern of expression demonstrating higher median antibody responses to HIV-1 Env. IgG and IgG3 binding antibody rates and response magnitude to gp120 vaccine- and V1V2 vaccine-matched antigens were higher or comparable in HVTN 097 than in RV144 ADCC, and ADCP functional antibody responses were elicited in HVTN 097. Env-specific IgG and CD4+ Env responses declined significantly over time in both trials. Overall, cross-clade immune responses associated with protection were better than expected in South Africa, suggesting wider applicability of this regimen.

SUBMITTER: Gray GE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7199879 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Immune correlates of the Thai RV144 HIV vaccine regimen in South Africa.

Gray Glenda E GE   Huang Ying Y   Grunenberg Nicole N   Laher Fatima F   Roux Surita S   Andersen-Nissen Erica E   De Rosa Stephen C SC   Flach Britta B   Randhawa April K AK   Jensen Ryan R   Swann Edith M EM   Bekker Linda-Gail LG   Innes Craig C   Lazarus Erica E   Morris Lynn L   Mkhize Nonhlanhla N NN   Ferrari Guido G   Montefiori David C DC   Shen Xiaoying X   Sawant Sheetal S   Yates Nicole N   Hural John J   Isaacs Abby A   Phogat Sanjay S   DiazGranados Carlos A CA   Lee Carter C   Sinangil Faruk F   Michael Nelson L NL   Robb Merlin L ML   Kublin James G JG   Gilbert Peter B PB   McElrath M Juliana MJ   Tomaras Georgia D GD   Corey Lawrence L  

Science translational medicine 20190901 510


One of the most successful HIV vaccines to date, the RV144 vaccine tested in Thailand, demonstrated correlates of protection including cross-clade V1V2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) breadth, Env-specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell polyfunctionality, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vaccinees with low IgA binding. The HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) 097 trial evaluated this vaccine regimen in South Africa, where clade C HIV-1 predominates. We compared cellular and humoral responses a  ...[more]

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