Dataset Information

Probiotic Consortia: Reshaping the Rhizospheric Microbiome and Its Role in Suppressing Root-Rot Disease of Panax notoginseng.

ABSTRACT: Root-rot disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum is a growing problem in agriculture for commercial cultivation of Panax notoginseng. Diverse microbes colonize plant roots, and numerous earlier studies have characterized the rhizospheric microbiome of P. notoginseng; nevertheless, the function of probiotic consortia on the rhizospheric microbiome against the root-rot disease remain elusive. We have compared and described the rhizospheric microbiome of lightly and severely diseased P. notoginseng as well as the interactions of the probiotic consortia and rhizospheric microbiome, and their function to alleviate the plant diseases were explored by inoculating probiotic consortia in bulk soil. From the perspective of microbial diversity, the rhizospheric dominant bacterial and fungal genera were utterly different between lightly and severely diseased plants. Through inoculating assembled probiotic consortia to diseased plant roots, we found that the application of probiotic consortia reshaped the rhizosphere microbiome, increasing the relative abundance of bacteria and fungi, while the relative abundance of potential pathogens was decreased significantly. We developed a microcosm system that provides a preliminary ecological framework for constructing an active probiotic community to reshape soil microbiota and restrain the disease. Microbial community structure differs between lightly and seriously diseased plants. The application of probiotic consortia changes the imbalance of micro-ecology to a state of relative health, reducing plant mortality. Plant disease suppression may be achieved by seeking and applying antagonistic microbes based on their direct inhibitory capability or by restructuring the soil microbiome structure and function.

SUBMITTER: Zhang J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7203884 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Probiotic Consortia: Reshaping the Rhizospheric Microbiome and Its Role in Suppressing Root-Rot Disease of Panax notoginseng.

Zhang Jinhao J Wei Lanfang L Yang Jun J Ahmed Waqar W Wang Yating Y Fu Lina L Ji Guanghai G

Frontiers in microbiology 20200430

Root-rot disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum is a growing problem in agriculture for commercial cultivation of Panax notoginseng. Diverse microbes colonize plant roots, and numerous earlier studies have characterized the rhizospheric microbiome of P. notoginseng; nevertheless, the function of probiotic consortia on the rhizospheric microbiome against the root-rot disease remain elusive. We have compared and described the rhizospheric microbiome of lightly and severely disea ...[more]

PMID: 32425904

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Project description:Harnessing indigenous soil microbial suppression is an emerging strategy for managing soilborne plant diseases. Soil moisture is a vital factor in soil microbiomes, but its role in the regulation of microbial suppression is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the correlation of root rot disease of Panax notoginseng with rhizosphere microbial communities mediated by soil moisture gradients from 55% to 100% field capacity (FC); then, we captured the disease-suppressive and disease-inductive microbiomes and validated their functions by a culture experiment with synthetic microbiotas containing keystone species. We found that proper soil moisture at 75% to 95% FC could maintain a disease-suppressive microbiome to alleviate root rot disease. However, extremely low or high soil moistures (>95% FC or <75% FC) could aggravate root rot disease by depleting the disease-suppressive microbiome while enriching the disease-inductive microbiome. Both the low-soil-moisture-enriched pathogen Monographella cucumerina and the high-soil-moisture-enriched pathogen Ilyonectria destructans could synergize with different disease-inductive microbiomes to aggravate disease. Metagenomic data confirmed that low- and high-moisture conditions suppressed antibiotic biosynthesis genes but enriched pathogenicity-related genes, resulting in a change in the soil state from disease suppressive to inductive. This study highlights the importance of soil moisture when indigenous microbial suppression is harnessed for disease control. IMPORTANCE Soilborne diseases pose a major problem in high-intensity agricultural systems due to the imbalance of microbial communities in soil, resulting in the buildup of soilborne pathogens. Harnessing indigenous soil microbial suppression is an emerging strategy for overcoming soilborne plant diseases. In this study, we showed that soil moisture is a key factor in balancing microbiome effects on root rot disease. Proper soil moisture management represent an effective approach to maintain microbial disease resistance by enriching disease-suppressive microbiomes. Conversely, moisture stresses may enrich for a disease-inductive microbiome and aid accumulation of host-specific soilborne pathogens threatening crop production. This work could provide a new strategy for sustainable control of soilborne diseases by enriching the indigenous disease-suppressive microbiome through soil moisture management.

Project description:The root of Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) is one of the most highly valuable medicinal herbs in China owing to its pronounced hemostatic and restorative properties. Despite this important fact, growing P. notoginseng is seriously limited by root-rot diseases. In studies aimed at developing a solution to this problem, environment-friendly essential oils (EOs) of five medicinal plants of the family Zingiberaceae were tested for their inhibitory effects on the growth of three main soil pathogens associated with the root-rot diseases of P. notoginseng. The results showed that the EOs of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata and Zingiber officinale Roscoe promote significant reductions in the mycelium growth of the pathogen in vitro at a concentration of 50 mg mL-1, which is much higher than that needed (5 mg mL-1) to reduce growth by the positive control, flutriafol. Furthermore, the chemical components of the two EOs were determined by using GC-MS analysis. Eucalyptol was found to account for more than 30% of the oils of the two plants, with the second major components being geranyl acetate and ?-terpineol. These substances display different degrees of fungistasis in vitro. To further determine the effects of the EO of Zingiber officinale (Z. officinale) in vivo, soilless cultivation of P. notoginseng with pathogen inoculation was conducted in a greenhouse. Addition of the petroleum ether extract (approximately equal to EO) of Z. officinale to the culture matrix causes a large decrease in both the occurrence and severity of the P. notoginseng root-rot disease. The decreasing trend of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (Tr) were all alleviated. In addition, the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content were also largely reduced after pathogen infection, with the root activity being higher than that of the control. Taken together, the findings reveal that the EOs from plants might serve as promising sources of eco-friendly natural pesticides with less chemical resistance.

Project description:BackgroundPanax notoginseng is an important herbal medicine in China, where this crop is cultivated by replanting of seedlings. Root rot disease threatens the sustainability of P. notoginseng cultivation. Water flooding (WF) is widely used to control numerous soilborne diseases, and biogas slurry shows positive effects on the soil physiochemical properties and microbial community structure and has the potential to suppress soilborne pathogens. Hence, biogas slurry flooding (BSF) may be an effective approach for alleviating root rot disease of P. notoginseng; however, the underlying mechanism needs to be elucidated.MethodsIn this study, we conducted a microcosm experiment to determine if BSF can reduce the abundance of pathogens in soil and, alleviate root rot of P. notoginseng. Microcosms, containing soil collected from a patch of P. notoginseng showing symptoms of root rot disease, were subjected to WF or BSF at two concentrations for two durations (15 and 30 days), after which the changes in their physicochemical properties were investigated. Culturable microorganisms and the root rot ratio were also estimated. We next compared changes in the microbial community structure of soils under BSF with changes in WF and untreated soils through high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA (16S) and fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genes amplicon.ResultsWF treatment did not obviously change the soil microbiota. In contrast, BSF treatment significantly altered the physicochemical properties and reshaped the bacterial and fungal communities, reduced the relative abundance of potential fungal pathogens (Fusarium, Cylindrocarpon, Alternaria, and Phoma), and suppressed culturable fungi and Fusarium. The changes in the microbial community structure corresponded to decreased root rot ratios. The mechanisms of fungal pathogen suppression by BSF involved several factors, including inducing anaerobic/conductive conditions, altering the soil physicochemical properties, enriching the anaerobic and culturable bacteria, and increasing the phylogenetic relatedness of the bacterial community.ConclusionsBSF application can reshape the soil microbial community, reduce the abundance of potential pathogens, and alleviate root rot in P. notoginseng. Thus, it is a promising practice for controlling root rot disease in P. notoginseng.

Dataset Information

Probiotic Consortia: Reshaping the Rhizospheric Microbiome and Its Role in Suppressing Root-Rot Disease of Panax notoginseng.

Publications

Probiotic Consortia: Reshaping the Rhizospheric Microbiome and Its Role in Suppressing Root-Rot Disease of <i>Panax notoginseng</i>.

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