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ROCK1 but not LIMK1 or PAK2 is a key regulator of apoptotic membrane blebbing and cell disassembly.

ABSTRACT: Many cell types are known to undergo a series of morphological changes during the progression of apoptosis, leading to their disassembly into smaller membrane-bound vesicles known as apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs). In particular, the formation of circular bulges called membrane blebs on the surface of apoptotic cells is a key morphological step required for a number of cell types to generate ApoBDs. Although apoptotic membrane blebbing is thought to be regulated by kinases including ROCK1, PAK2 and LIMK1, it is unclear whether these kinases exhibit overlapping roles in the disassembly of apoptotic cells. Utilising both pharmacological and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing based approaches, we identified ROCK1 but not PAK2 or LIMK1 as a key non-redundant positive regulator of apoptotic membrane blebbing as well as ApoBD formation. Functionally, we have established an experimental system to either inhibit or enhance ApoBD formation and demonstrated the importance of apoptotic cell disassembly in the efficient uptake of apoptotic materials by various phagocytes. Unexpectedly, we also noted that ROCK1 could play a role in regulating the onset of secondary necrosis. Together, these data shed light on both the mechanism and function of cell disassembly during apoptosis.

SUBMITTER: Tixeira R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7206021 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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ROCK1 but not LIMK1 or PAK2 is a key regulator of apoptotic membrane blebbing and cell disassembly.

Tixeira Rochelle R Phan Thanh Kha TK Caruso Sarah S Shi Bo B Atkin-Smith Georgia K GK Nedeva Christina C Chow Jenny D Y JDY Puthalakath Hamsa H Hulett Mark D MD Herold Marco J MJ Poon Ivan K H IKH

Cell death and differentiation 20190501 1

Many cell types are known to undergo a series of morphological changes during the progression of apoptosis, leading to their disassembly into smaller membrane-bound vesicles known as apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs). In particular, the formation of circular bulges called membrane blebs on the surface of apoptotic cells is a key morphological step required for a number of cell types to generate ApoBDs. Although apoptotic membrane blebbing is thought to be regulated by kinases including ROCK1, PAK2 and L ...[more]

PMID: 31043701

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Project description:ObjectivesThis research aims to verify that the long non-coding RNA differentiation antagonizing nonprotein coding RNA (LncRNA DANCR) could modulate the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and it thus may work as a novel biomarker to render new orientation for early diagnosis and clinical therapy of HCC.Materials and methodsFirstly, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of genes including LncRNA DANCR and miR-27a-3p. Next, MTT assay, Ethynyldeoxyuridine (EdU) analysis and clone formation assay were used for investigating cell growth and proliferation. Meanwhile, transwell assay and wound healing assay were applied to evaluate the capacity of cell metastasis and motility, respectively. In addition, bioinformatic analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay were applied to analyse molecular interaction. Next, we conducted immunofluorescence and Western blot for mechanic investigation. Last but not the least, xenograft tumours in nude mice were built by subcutaneously injecting Hep3B cells stably transfected with sh-NC and sh-DANCR to detect proliferation and SMMC-7721 cells stably transfected with sh-NC and sh-DANCR to investigate metastasis.ResultsThe results of qRT-PCR and bioinformatic analysis revealed the high expression of DANCR in HCC. DANCR accelerated proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells and the knockdown of DANCR had the opposite effect. Meanwhile, xenograft tumours in sh-DANCR group grow slower and have smaller volumes compared with negative control group. Next, the antineoplastic effect of miR-27a-3p on cell growth and motility of HCC was confirmed. In addition, we clarified that DANCR acted as a ceRNA to decoy miR-27a-3p via mediating ROCK1/LIMK1/COFILIN1 pathway. In the end, we validated that DANCR/miR-27a-3p axis regulates EMT progression by cell immunofluorescence and Western blot.ConclusionsIn a word, DANCR promotes HCC development and induces EMT by decoying miR-27a-3p to regulate ROCK1/LIMK1/COFILIN1 pathway.

Dataset Information

ROCK1 but not LIMK1 or PAK2 is a key regulator of apoptotic membrane blebbing and cell disassembly.

Publications

ROCK1 but not LIMK1 or PAK2 is a key regulator of apoptotic membrane blebbing and cell disassembly.

Similar Datasets

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