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COVID-19: beta-thalassemia subjects immunised?

ABSTRACT: The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is a contagious acute respiratory infectious disease whose causative agent has been demonstrated to be a novel virus of the coronavirus family, SARSCoV-2. A recent PRE-print study has showed a heme attack on the 1-beta chain of hemoglobin by COVID19. Beta-thalassemia results of a default in the hemoglobin beta-chain synthesis. 1,5% global population are heterozygotes for this disease. In this study, by a multiple linear regression, we have analyzed the evolution of COVID-19 infection in three Italian regions (Puglia, Sardinia, Sicilia) with different beta-thalassemic prevalences, in order to search a link. The results have showed that betathalassemic heterozygote population prevalence is correlated to immunity against COVID-19, by a regression. This paper is only for academic discussion, the hypotheses and conclusions needs to be confirmed by further research.

SUBMITTER: Lansiaux E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7217120 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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COVID-19: beta-thalassemia subjects immunised?

Lansiaux Edouard E Pébaÿ Philippe Pierre PP Picard Jean-Laurent JL Son-Forget Joachim J

Medical hypotheses 20200512

The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is a contagious acute respiratory infectious disease whose causative agent has been demonstrated to be a novel virus of the coronavirus family, SARSCoV-2. A recent PRE-print study has showed a heme attack on the 1-beta chain of hemoglobin by COVID19. Beta-thalassemia results of a default in the hemoglobin beta-chain synthesis. 1,5% global population are heterozygotes for this disease. In this study, by a multiple linear regression, we have analyzed the ...[more]

PMID: 32447232

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Project description:BackgroundThe frequency of the beta-thalassemia (β-thalassemia) gene in Indonesia ranges from 3 to 10%. However, in the East Java province, there is still limited information on the prevalence of β-thalassemia mutations in clinically diagnosed beta-thalassemia patients of East Java. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize β-thalassemia mutations in selected patients in the East Java province of Indonesia.MethodsThis is an analytical observational study. Diagnosis of β-thalassemia was based on clinical presentation, complete blood count (CBC), and hemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis. Blood specimens taken from each patient in three ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes were analyzed for CBC and Hb electrophoresis and processed for DNA extraction and subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Detection of mutations in Hemoglobin Subunit Beta (HBB) gene exons 1-3 of the β-thalassemia gene as the common mutation in Indonesia was done using PCR followed by Sanger sequencing.ResultsIn total, 33 (n = 33) participants were involved in this study with ages ranging from 5 to 17 years comprising 19 women and 14 men. Their ethnic origins were Javanese (n = 30) and Chinese (n = 3). CBC results showed that mean ± standard deviation (SD) for Hb, red blood cell (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and red cell distribution width (RDW)-CV were 81.2 ± 7.0 g/L; 3.40 ± 0.39 × 109/L; 71.05 ± 5.72 fL; 24.12 ± 2.45 pg; 33.91 ± 1.47 g/dl; 24.38 ± 6.02%, respectively. Hb electrophoresis revealed that 5 out of 33 participants had beta-thalassemia and 28 out of 33 participants had hemoglobinopathy (Hb) E/beta-thalassemia. Results of Sanger sequencing showed the following genotype variations in the samples: 12 (36.4%) with β CD26 /β IVS-I-5; 6 (18.2%) with β CD26 /β CD35; 3 (9.1%) with β CD26 /β IVS-I-2; 2 (6.1%) with β CD27/28 /β CD40; 2 (6.1%) with β IVS-I-1 /β CAP+1; and β CD26 /β IVS-I-1; β IVS-I-5 /β CAP+1; β IVS-I-5 /β CD35; β CD26 /β CD37; β CD26 /β CD15; β CD26 /β CD40; and β IVS-I-5 /β CD19 in 1 (3%) sample, respectively, and 1 (3%) had no abnormality detected in sequencing even though electrophoresis showed abnormality in the migration pattern. The β CD26 /β IVS-I-5 mutation was found in samples that were noted to have Hb E/beta-thalassemia on Hb electrophoresis.ConclusionThe underlying genetic variations are heterogeneous in thalassemia patients in East Java, where 12 variants were found. The most common variant was β CD26 /β IVS-I-5, which all accounted for Hb E/beta-thalassemia on Hb electrophoresis. Furthermore, 28 out of 33 participants had hemoglobinopathy (Hb) E/beta-thalassemia.

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COVID-19: beta-thalassemia subjects immunised?

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COVID-19: beta-thalassemia subjects immunised?

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