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Reductions in Heart Failure Hospitalizations During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

ABSTRACT: Background:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased burden on healthcare systems with subsequent reductions in non-emergent hospitalizations and procedures. While there are widespread reports of intentional reductions in elective hospitalizations, trends in urgent or emergent hospitalizations including heart failure (HF) hospitalizations have not been adequately characterized. Methods:We evaluated trends of HF hospitalizations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic at the University of Mississippi Medical Center using electronic health records and discharge database. We also compared HF hospitalization trends during the same time frame in 2019 to account for seasonal variation in HF presentations. Results:Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic in our medical center, a mean of 30 patients per week were admitted with a principal diagnosis of HF. After the first case of COVID-19 was diagnosed in Mississippi, there was a sharp 50% decline in the number of HF hospitalizations that declined even further after a "state of emergency" was declared in Mississippi. Conclusions:Based on observations from a large academic medical center, there has been a significant reduction in the number of patients hospitalized for HF during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further investigation of these trends is warranted to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on long-term HF outcomes.

SUBMITTER: Hall ME

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7219367 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Reductions in Heart Failure Hospitalizations During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Hall Michael E ME Vaduganathan Muthiah M Khan Muhammad Shahzeb MS Papadimitriou Lampros L Long Robert C RC Hernandez Gabriel A GA Moore Charles K CK Lennep Brandon W BW McMullan Michael R MR Butler Javed J

Journal of cardiac failure 20200513 6

PMID: 32405232

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Project description:BackgroundNationwide data of the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on Heart Failure (HF) hospitalizations is lacking. We conducted this study to elucidate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HF hospitalizations. Additionally, we assessed the differences in hospitalization characteristics during the pandemic and the impact that a concurrent diagnosis of COVID-19 has on various outcomes and predictors of inpatient mortality among patients admitted for HF.MethodsThe National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was queried for all hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of HF between 2017 - 2020. Monthly HF hospitalizations were trended longitudinally over this period. Beginning April 1, 2020, concurrent COVID-19 infections were identified. Subsequently, we stratified HF hospitalizations between April 2020 and December 2020 (HF-2020) based on if concomitant COVID-19 was diagnosed, forming the HF-COVID+ve and HF-COVID-ve groups respectively. HF-2020 was also compared with pre-pandemic HF hospitalizations between April 2019 and December 2019 (HF-2019). Baseline characteristics were compared, and adjusted outcomes were obtained.ResultsDuring the initial COVID-19 surge in April 2020, HF admissions were reduced by 47% compared to January 2020. Following this decline, HF hospitalizations increased but did not reach pre-pandemic levels. HF-2020 admissions had an increased complication burden compared to HF-2019, including acute myocardial infarction (8.9% vs. 6.6%, p<0.005) and pulmonary embolism (4.1% vs. 3.4%, p<0.005) indicating a sicker cohort of patients. HF-COVID+ve hospitalizations had 2.9 times higher odds of inpatient mortality compared to HF-COVID-ve and an increased adjusted length of stay by 2.16 days (p<0.005).ConclusionA pandemic of the same magnitude as COVID-19 can overwhelm even the most advanced health systems. Early resource mobilization and preparedness is essential to provide care to a sick cohort of patients like acute heart failure, who are directly and indirectly effected by the consequences of the pandemic which has worsened hospitalization outcomes.

Dataset Information

Reductions in Heart Failure Hospitalizations During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Publications

Reductions in Heart Failure Hospitalizations During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

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