Dataset Information

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Peels of Three Citrus Species.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Fruit peels are generally underutilized byproducts of the food industry, although they are valuable sources of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study is to evaluate a new application for three Citrus peel EOs as bio-herbicides. METHODS:After a micro-morphological evaluation of Citrus peels by SEM analysis, the phytochemical composition of the EOs of Citrus × bergamia Risso & Poit., Citrus × myrtifolia Raf., and Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck was characterized by GC/FID and GC/MS analyses. The in vitro phytotoxicity against germination and initial radical elongation of several crop and weed species was evaluated. Furthermore, the eco-compatibility of these EOs has been assessed by the brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality assay. RESULTS:SEM analysis highlighted the morphometric differences of the schizolysigenous pockets among the peels of the three Citrus species. Oxygenated monoterpenes are the main constituents in C. × bergamia (51.09%), whereas monoterpene hydrocarbons represent the most abundant compounds in C. × myrtifolia (82.15%) and C. limon (80.33%) EOs. They showed marked and selective phytotoxic activity in vitro, often at very low concentration (0.1 ?g/mL) against all plant species investigated, without showing any toxicity on Artemia salina, opening the perspective of their use as safe bio-herbicides.

SUBMITTER: Caputo L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7221518 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Peels of Three <i>Citrus</i> Species.

Caputo Lucia L Cornara Laura L Bazzicalupo Miriam M De Francesco Clara C De Feo Vincenzo V Trombetta Domenico D Smeriglio Antonella A

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20200419 8

<h4>Background</h4>Fruit peels are generally underutilized byproducts of the food industry, although they are valuable sources of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study is to evaluate a new application for three <i>Citrus</i> peel EOs as bio-herbicides.<h4>Methods</h4>After a micro-morphological evaluation of <i>Citrus</i> peels by SEM analysis, the phytochemical composition of the EOs of <i>Citrus × bergamia</i> Risso & Poit., <i>Citrus × myrtifolia</i> Raf., and <i>Citrus limon</i> (L.) Os ...[more]

PMID: 32325864

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Project description:Essential oils have attracted wide attention in recent years due to their extensive applications in natural functional ingredients, pharmaceutical preparations, biomedical products, and the cosmetics industry. In this study, the chemical compositions and biological activities of essential oils extracted from six Lamiaceae herbs, including Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. (PCEO), Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton (PFEO), Salvia japonica Thunb. (SJEO), Rosmarinus officinalis L. (ROEO), Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (LAEO), and Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) Kuntze (AREO), were determined and analyzed. A total of 167 components were identified from the six essential oils by GC-MS analysis, with 35, 24, 47, 46, 54, and 37 components in PCEO, PFEO, SJEO, ROEO, LAEO, and AREO, respectively. Hierarchical cluster analysis of chemical compositions showed that the composition of the six essential oils was significantly different in content, and they were clearly divided into six classes. However, all of these six essential oils exhibited promising anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the expression of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and cyclooxygenase-2 in rats with adjuvant arthritis, among which PFEO had the best performance. In addition, the six essential oils displayed significant cytotoxicity on B16 (IC50 = 86.91-228.91 μg/mL) and LNCaP cell lines (IC50 = 116.4-189.63 μg/mL). Meanwhile, all of them presented satisfactory antioxidant activity (IC50 = 4.88-13.89 μg/mL) compared with Trolox C (IC50 = 13.83 μg/mL), and SJEO (IC50 = 7.93 μg/mL) served as an optimal candidate natural antioxidant by DPPH assay. Taken together, these results indicate that the six Lamiaceae essential oils manifest excellent and diverse biological activities, enabling them to be used as perfect natural functional ingredients in antioxidant, antitumor, or anti-arthritic drugs. This study provides more references for pharmaphylogeny research and drug discovery from folk medicinal plants.

Dataset Information

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Peels of Three Citrus Species.

Publications

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Peels of Three <i>Citrus</i> Species.

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