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Colorectal Cancer Study with Nanostructured Sensors: Tumor Marker Screening of Patient Biopsies.

ABSTRACT: Despite the great progress in screening techniques and medical treatments, colorectal cancer remains one of the most widespread cancers in both sexes, with a high death rate. In this work, the volatile compounds released from human colon cancer tissues were detected by a set of four different chemoresistive sensors, made with a nanostructured powder of metal-oxide materials, inserted into an innovative patented device. The sensor responses to the exhalation of a primary cancer sample and of a healthy sample (both of the same weight, collected during colorectal surgery from the intestine of the same patient) were statistically analyzed. The sensors gave reversible, reproducible, and fast responses for at least one year of continuous use, making them quite superior in respect to the existing diagnostic methods. Preliminary results obtained using principal component analysis of the sensor responses to samples removed from 13 patients indicate that the nanostructured sensors employed in this study were able to distinguish between healthy and tumor tissue samples with coherent responses (the discrimination power of the most sensitive sensor was about 17%), highlighting a strong potential for clinical practice.

SUBMITTER: Astolfi M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7221558 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Colorectal Cancer Study with Nanostructured Sensors: Tumor Marker Screening of Patient Biopsies.

Astolfi Michele M Rispoli Giorgio G Anania Gabriele G Nevoso Veronica V Artioli Elena E Landini Nicolò N Benedusi Mascia M Melloni Elisabetta E Secchiero Paola P Tisato Veronica V Zonta Giulia G Malagù Cesare C

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) 20200326 4

Despite the great progress in screening techniques and medical treatments, colorectal cancer remains one of the most widespread cancers in both sexes, with a high death rate. In this work, the volatile compounds released from human colon cancer tissues were detected by a set of four different chemoresistive sensors, made with a nanostructured powder of metal-oxide materials, inserted into an innovative patented device. The sensor responses to the exhalation of a primary cancer sample and of a he ...[more]

PMID: 32224920

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Project description:Despite the documented benefits of colorectal cancer screening, patient participation rates remain low. Physician recommendation has been identified as a significant predictor of screening completion.The aim of this study is to investigate how primary care physicians perceive colorectal cancer screening communication tasks, as well as to explore the form and content of actual screening discussions.The research design includes a mailed physician survey and a separate observational study in a sample of videotaped medical encounters. PARTICIPANTS AND DATA SOURCES: The participants were 270 primary care physicians who completed a mailed questionnaire (57.9% response rate) and 18 physician-patient encounters that included discussions of colorectal cancer screening.The questionnaire focused on perceived importance and accomplishment of communication tasks relevant to colorectal cancer screening. Two of the authors reviewed transcripts of videotaped physician encounters to determine whether the same communication tasks assessed in the survey were accomplished. Interrater reliability was high across all of the mutually exclusive coding categories (Kappa > .90).Physicians rated colonoscopy as the most important screening option to discuss; self-reports indicate that colonoscopy (84.8%) is more frequently mentioned than fecal occult blood test (FOBT; 49.4%), flexible sigmoidoscopy (34.1%), or computed tomography (CT) imaging (18.1%). Explaining benefits and risks, describing test procedure and frequency, eliciting patient preferences, and making a plan for screening were all viewed as very important. Self-reported accomplishment of these communication tasks was considerably higher than that observed in our separate videotape sample.Most physicians recognize and espouse the importance of recommending colorectal cancer screening to eligible patients. However, findings from both the physician survey and observational study suggest that physicians tend to overestimate the extent of discussions about screening. Interventions may be warranted to improve clinical practice.

Project description:Colorectal cancer (CRC) biopsies underpin accurate diagnosis, but are also relevant for patient stratification in molecularly-guided clinical trials. The consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs) and colorectal cancer intrinsic subtypes (CRISs) transcriptional signatures have potential clinical utility for improving prognostic/predictive patient assignment. However, their ability to provide robust classification, particularly in pretreatment biopsies from multiple regions or at different time points, remains untested. In this study, we undertook a comprehensive assessment of the robustness of CRC transcriptional signatures, including CRIS and CMS, using a range of tumour sampling methodologies currently employed in clinical and translational research. These include analyses using (i) laser-capture microdissected CRC tissue, (ii) eight publically available rectal cancer biopsy data sets (n = 543), (iii) serial biopsies (from AXEBeam trial, NCT00828672; n = 10), (iv) multi-regional biopsies from colon tumours (n = 29 biopsies, n = 7 tumours), and (v) pretreatment biopsies from the phase II rectal cancer trial COPERNCIUS (NCT01263171; n = 44). Compared to previous results obtained using CRC resection material, we demonstrate that CMS classification in biopsy tissue is significantly less capable of reliably classifying patient subtype (43% unknown in biopsy versus 13% unknown in resections, p = 0.0001). In contrast, there was no significant difference in classification rate between biopsies and resections when using the CRIS classifier. Additionally, we demonstrated that CRIS provides significantly better spatially- and temporally- robust classification of molecular subtypes in CRC primary tumour tissue compared to CMS (p = 0.003 and p = 0.02, respectively). These findings have potential to inform ongoing biopsy-based patient stratification in CRC, enabling robust and stable assignment of patients into clinically-informative arms of prospective multi-arm, multi-stage clinical trials. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.

Project description:Day by day, the demand for portable, low cost, and efficient chemical/gas-sensing devices is increasing due to worldwide industrial growth for various purposes such as environmental monitoring and health care. To fulfill this demand, nanostructured metal oxides can be used as active materials for chemical/gas sensors due to their high crystallinity, remarkable physical/chemical properties, ease of synthesis, and low cost. In particular, (1D) one-dimensional metal oxides nanostructures, such as nanowires, exhibit a fast response, selectivity, and stability due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, well-defined crystal orientations, controlled unidirectional electrical properties, and self-heating phenomenon. Moreover, with the availability of large-scale production methods for nanowire growth such as thermal oxidation and evaporation-condensation growth, the development of highly efficient, low cost, portable, and stable chemical sensing devices is possible. In the last two decades, tremendous advances have been achieved in 1D nanostructured gas sensors ever since the pioneering work by Comini on the development of a SnO2 nanobelt for gas sensor applications in 2002, which is one such example from which many researchers began to explore the field of 1D-nanostructure-based chemical/gas sensors. The Sensor Laboratory (University of Brescia) has made major contributions to the field of metal oxide nanowire chemical/gas-sensing devices. Over the years, different metal oxides such as SnO2, ZnO, WO3, NiO, CuO, and their heterostructures have been grown for their nanowire morphology and successfully integrated into chemoresistive gas-sensing devices. Hence in this invited feature article, Sensor Laboratory research on the synthesis of metal oxide nanowires and novel heterostructures and their characterization and gas-sensing performance during exposure to different gas analytes has been presented. Moreover, some new strategies such as branched-like nanowire heterostructures and core-shell nanowire structures adopted to enhance the performance of nanowire-based chemical sensor are presented in detail.

Dataset Information

Colorectal Cancer Study with Nanostructured Sensors: Tumor Marker Screening of Patient Biopsies.

Publications

Colorectal Cancer Study with Nanostructured Sensors: Tumor Marker Screening of Patient Biopsies.

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