Dataset Information

Negative Energy Balance Influences Nutritional Quality of Milk from Czech Fleckvieh Cows due Changes in Proportion of Fatty Acids.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of negative energy balance on fatty acids proportion in the milk of Czech Fleckvieh cows after calving. Milk quality was determined based on fatty acid group proportion. Milk quality was evaluated in relation to selected negative energy balance (NEB) traits: body condition change (DEC) and milk citric acid content (CAC) after calving. Milk samples (n = 992) were collected once per week from 248 Czech Fleckvieh cows during the first month of lactation. Fatty acid content (%) in milk samples was determined and results were grouped as saturated (SFA) (hypercholesterolemic or volatile fatty acids) or unsaturated (UFA) (monounsaturated or polyunsaturated). Our results showed that cows with a deep NEB produce milk that is healthier for human consumption. Cows with a more significant DEC or the highest level of CAC in milk had the lowest proportion of SFA and the highest proportion of UFA (p < 0.01). These cows experienced higher physiological stress after calving; however, they produced milk of higher nutritional quality. Nowadays, we can see preventive efforts to mitigate NEB periods as a result of modern breeding trends regarding vitality, robustness, or longevity.

SUBMITTER: Duchacek J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7222402 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Negative Energy Balance Influences Nutritional Quality of Milk from Czech Fleckvieh Cows due Changes in Proportion of Fatty Acids.

Ducháček Jaromír J Stádník Luděk L Ptáček Martin M Beran Jan J Okrouhlá Monika M Gašparík Matúš M

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI 20200327 4

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of negative energy balance on fatty acids proportion in the milk of Czech Fleckvieh cows after calving. Milk quality was determined based on fatty acid group proportion. Milk quality was evaluated in relation to selected negative energy balance (NEB) traits: body condition change (DEC) and milk citric acid content (CAC) after calving. Milk samples (n = 992) were collected once per week from 248 Czech Fleckvieh cows during the first month ...[more]

PMID: 32230933

Similar Datasets

Project description:Milk oligosaccharides (MOs) can be prebiotic and antiadhesive, while fatty acids (MFAs) can be antimicrobial. Both have been associated with milk microbes or mammary gland inflammation in humans. Relationships between these milk components and milk microbes or inflammation have not been determined for cows and could help elucidate a novel approach for the dairy industry to promote desired milk microbial composition for improvement of milk quality and reduction of milk waste. We aimed to determine relationships among milk microbiota, MFAs, MOs, lactose, and somatic cell counts (SCC) from Holstein cows, using our previously published data. Raw milk samples were collected at three time points, ranging from early to late lactation. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects modeling and repeated-measures correlation. Unsaturated MFA and short-chain MFA had mostly negative relationships with potentially pathogenic genera, including Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas, and an unknown Enterobacteriaceae genus but numerous positive relationships with symbionts Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. Conversely, many MOs were positively correlated with potentially pathogenic genera (e.g., Corynebacterium, Enterococcus, and Pseudomonas), and numerous MOs were negatively correlated with the symbiont Bifidobacterium. The neutral, nonfucosylated MO composed of eight hexoses had a positive relationship with SCC, while lactose had a negative relationship with SCC. One interpretation of these trends might be that in milk, MFAs disrupt primarily pathogenic bacterial cells, causing a relative increase in abundance of beneficial microbial taxa, while MOs respond to and act on pathogenic taxa primarily through antiadhesive methods. Further research is needed to confirm the potential mechanisms driving these correlations. IMPORTANCE Bovine milk can harbor microbes that cause mastitis, milk spoilage, and foodborne illness. Fatty acids found in milk can be antimicrobial and milk oligosaccharides can have antiadhesive, prebiotic, and immune-modulatory effects. Relationships among milk microbes, fatty acids, oligosaccharides, and inflammation have been reported for humans. To our knowledge, associations among the milk microbial composition, fatty acids, oligosaccharides, and lactose have not been reported for healthy lactating cows. Identifying these potential relationships in bovine milk will inform future efforts to characterize direct and indirect interactions of the milk components with the milk microbiota. Since many milk components are associated with herd management practices, determining if these milk components impact milk microbes may provide valuable information for dairy cow management and breeding practices aimed at minimizing harmful and spoilage-causing microbes in raw milk.

Project description:ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of polymorphic loci and other factors on milk performance and the technological properties of milk.MethodsThe analysis was performed on Simmental and Holstein cows in field conditions (n = 748). Milk yield in kg, fat and protein percentage and yield were evaluated. Technological properties were evaluated by milk fermentation ability, renneting, and an alcohol test. Polymorphisms in the acyl-CoA diacylgycerol transferase 1 (DGAT1), leptin (LEP), fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), casein beta (CSN2), casein kappa (CSN3), and lactoglobulin beta genes were genotyped, and association analysis was performed.ResultsThe DGAT1 AA genotype was associated with higher milk, protein and fat yields (p<0.05). The MM genotype in the LEP gene was associated with a lower protein percentage and the W allele with a higher protein percentage (p<0.05). In cows with the FASN GG genotype, the protein percentage was higher, but the A allele was associated with higher milk, protein and fat yields than the G allele. The TT genotype in SCD1 was associated with the lowest milk, protein and fat yields and with the highest milk protein percentage (p<0.01). The T allele had higher values than the C allele (p<0.05) except for fat percentage. The genotype CSN3 AA was associated with a significantly heightened milk yield; BB was associated with a high protein percentage. The effect of the alleles on the technological properties was not significant. The CSN3 BB genotype was associated with the best alcohol test (p<0.01), and the renneting order was inverse. Milk from cows with the CSN2 A1A1 genotype was best in the milk fermentation ability. CSN3 significantly affected the technological properties.ConclusionThe findings revealed the potential of some polymorphic loci for use in dairy cattle breeding and for the management of milk quality. In field research, the pivotal role of farms in milk yield, composition and technological properties was confirmed.

Dataset Information

Negative Energy Balance Influences Nutritional Quality of Milk from Czech Fleckvieh Cows due Changes in Proportion of Fatty Acids.

Publications

Negative Energy Balance Influences Nutritional Quality of Milk from Czech Fleckvieh Cows due Changes in Proportion of Fatty Acids.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets