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Microanatomical and Physicochemical Characterization and Antioxidative Activity of Methanolic Extract of Oudemansiella canarii (Jungh.) Hohn.

ABSTRACT: Objectives:Oudemansiella canarii is an edible mushroom highly appreciated throughout the world due to its being a gastronomic delicacy. To date, no extensive work has been reported on the pharmacological or antioxidative aspects of this macrofungus. The present study focuses on the micromorphological features, confirmation of its identity based on molecular sequence (nrITS rDNA) data, and determination of its physicochemical parameters such as organoleptic features and fluorescent behavior. Materials and Methods:Collected basidiocarps were powdered and used for microscopic and organoleptic evaluation. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method, total antioxidant activity methods, and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay were used for evaluating the antioxidant capacities of the methanolic extract. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis profile was also recorded to analyze the phenolic fingerprint. Results:The DPPH radical scavenging activity was determined with an EC50 value of 0.912 ?g, total antioxidant activity was found to be 15.33 ?g ascorbic acid equivalent/mg of extract, and the ABTS assay revealed 12.91 ?m TE/mg of extract antioxidant activity. The HPLC chromatogram revealed the presence of 12 peaks. Several parameters were tested for the determination of chemical composition, revealing the existence of major bioactive components in the extract in the following order: phenol>flavonoid>ascorbic acid>?-carotene~lycopene. Conclusion:The present work suggests that O. canarii may be considered a novel prospect as a functional food and antioxidant supplement.

SUBMITTER: Acharya K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7227983 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Microanatomical and Physicochemical Characterization and Antioxidative Activity of Methanolic Extract of <i>Oudemansiella canarii</i> (Jungh.) Höhn.

Acharya Krishnendu K Nandi Sudeshna S Dutta Arun Kumar AK

Turkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences 20181231 1

<h4>Objectives</h4><i>Oudemansiella canarii</i> is an edible mushroom highly appreciated throughout the world due to its being a gastronomic delicacy. To date, no extensive work has been reported on the pharmacological or antioxidative aspects of this macrofungus. The present study focuses on the micromorphological features, confirmation of its identity based on molecular sequence (nrITS rDNA) data, and determination of its physicochemical parameters such as organoleptic features and fluorescent ...[more]

PMID: 32454699

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Project description:BackgroundThevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum or Cascabela peruviana (L.) Lippold (commonly known as ayoyote, codo de fraile, lucky nut, or yellow oleander), native to Mexico and Central America, is a medicinal plant used traditionally to cure diseases like ulcers, scabies, hemorrhoids and dissolve tumors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic, antiproliferative and apoptotic activity of methanolic extract of T. peruviana fruits on human cancer cell lines.MethodsThe cytotoxic activity of T. peruviana methanolic extract was carried out on human breast, colorectal, prostate and lung cancer cell lines and non-tumorigenic control cells (fibroblast and Vero), using the MTT assay. For proliferation and motility, clonogenic and wound-healing assays were performed. Morphological alterations were monitored by trypan blue exclusion, as well as DNA fragmentation and AO/EB double staining was performed to evaluate apoptosis. The extract was separated using flash chromatography, and the resulting fractions were evaluated on colorectal cancer cells for their cytotoxic activity. The active fractions were further analyzed through mass spectrometry.ResultsThe T. peruviana methanolic extract exhibited cytotoxic activity on four human cancer cell lines: prostate, breast, colorectal and lung, with values of IC50 1.91 ± 0.76, 5.78 ± 2.12, 6.30 ± 4.45 and 12.04 ± 3.43 μg/mL, respectively. The extract caused a significant reduction of cell motility and colony formation on all evaluated cancer cell lines. In addition, morphological examination displayed cell size reduction, membrane blebbing and detachment of cells, compared to non-treated cancer cell lines. The T. peruviana extract induced apoptotic cell death, which was confirmed by DNA fragmentation and AO/EB double staining. Fractions 4 and 5 showed the most effective cytotoxic activity and their MS analysis revealed the presence of the secondary metabolites: thevetiaflavone and cardiac glycosides.ConclusionT. peruviana extract has potential as natural anti-cancer product with critical effects in the proliferation, motility, and adhesion of human breast and colorectal cancer cells, and apoptosis induction in human prostate and lung cancer cell lines, with minimal effects on non-tumorigenic cell lines.

Project description:Commiphora gileadensis (CG) is a small tree distributed throughout the Middle East. It was traditionally used in perfumes in countries in this area. In Saudi Arabia, it was used to treat wounds burns and as an antidote to scorpion stings. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and cutaneous wound healing efficiency of the CG extracts using microbiological tests, rate of wound contraction and histopathological changes. CG plant were extracted using the methanol extraction technique; then, the methanolic extract was characterized using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Afterwards, a six-millimetre (mm) excision wound was induced in 60 male Balb/c mice. Mice were classified into two classes; each class consisted of three groups of 10 mice. In the non-infected wound class, the group I was assigned as control and received normal saline. Group II received gentamicin treatment, and group III treated with CG-methanolic extract. In the Staphylococcus aureus-infected class, group IV received normal saline, and groups V and VI were treated with gentamicin and CG-methanolic extract, respectively. The colonization of infected wounds was determined using colony-forming units (CFUs), and the percentage of wound contraction was measured in all groups. Finally, the histopathologic semi-quantitative determination of wound healing was evaluated by inflammatory cell infiltration, the presence of collagen fibres and granulation tissue, and the grade of re-epithelization. Composition analysis of the methanolic extract confirmed the presence of a high amount of ceramide (69%) and, to a lesser extent, hexosylceramide (18%) and phosphatidylethanolamine (7%) of the total amount. Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference between the percentage of wound contraction in the CG-treated and control groups in both Staphylococcus aureus-infected and non-infected wounds (p < 0.01). The colonization of the infected wounds was lower in the group treated with CG than in the control group (p < 0.01). In both non-infected and infected wounds, the CG-treated group showed significant statistical differences in inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen fibres, re-epithelization and granulation tissue formation compared with the control group (p < 0.01). The CG extract possesses antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties that induce wound healing.

Dataset Information

Microanatomical and Physicochemical Characterization and Antioxidative Activity of Methanolic Extract of Oudemansiella canarii (Jungh.) Hohn.

Publications

Microanatomical and Physicochemical Characterization and Antioxidative Activity of Methanolic Extract of <i>Oudemansiella canarii</i> (Jungh.) Höhn.

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