Dataset Information

A Study on the Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Taste Function in Patients with Good Glycemic Control.

ABSTRACT: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a very high impact on quality of life as it is characterized by disabling complications. There is little evidence about taste alterations in diabetes. Since many individual factors are involved in the onset of diabetes, the purpose of our study is to search a possible link between diabetes and individual taste function. Thirty-two participants with T2DM and 32 volunteers without T2DM (healthy controls) were recruited. Four concentrations of each of the four basic tastes (sweet, sour, salty, bitter), and pure rapeseed oil and water, were applied with cotton pads to the protruded tongue, immediately posterior to its first third, either to the left or right side. The results showed significant differences between groups in the ability to recognize sour, bitter, sweet, and water. Taste scores were lower in subjects with T2DM than in healthy controls, and an age-related decline in taste function was found. The taste function reduction associated with T2DM was not related to gender, disease duration, and glycemic control. In conclusion, it can be hypothesized that a general alteration of taste function can lead patients with type 2 diabetes to search for foods richer in sugars, as in a vicious circle, thus decreasing the likelihood of remission of diabetes mellitus.

SUBMITTER: Pugnaloni S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7230282 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Study on the Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Taste Function in Patients with Good Glycemic Control.

Pugnaloni Sofia S Alia Sonila S Mancini Margherita M Santoro Vito V Di Paolo Alice A Rabini Rosa Anna RA Fiorini Rosamaria R Sabbatinelli Jacopo J Fabri Mara M Mazzanti Laura L Vignini Arianna A

Nutrients 20200416 4

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a very high impact on quality of life as it is characterized by disabling complications. There is little evidence about taste alterations in diabetes. Since many individual factors are involved in the onset of diabetes, the purpose of our study is to search a possible link between diabetes and individual taste function. Thirty-two participants with T2DM and 32 volunteers without T2DM (healthy controls) were recruited. Four concentrations of each of the four ba ...[more]

PMID: 32316314

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Project description:Background & aimsAcute hyperglycemia delays gastric emptying in patients with diabetes. However, it is not clear whether improved control of glycemia affects gastric emptying in these patients. We investigated whether overnight and short-term (6 mo) improvements in control of glycemia affect gastric emptying.MethodsWe studied 30 patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (level of glycosylated hemoglobin, >9%). We measured gastric emptying using the [(13)C]-Spirulina platensis breath test on the patients' first visit (visit 1), after overnight administration of insulin or saline, 1 week later (visit 2), and 6 months after intensive therapy for diabetes. We also measured fasting and postprandial plasma levels of C-peptide, glucagon-like peptide 1, and amylin, as well as autonomic functions.ResultsAt visit 1, gastric emptying was normal in 10 patients, delayed in 14, and accelerated in 6; 6 patients had gastrointestinal symptoms; vagal dysfunction was associated with delayed gastric emptying (P < .05). Higher fasting blood levels of glucose were associated with shorter half-times of gastric emptying (thalf) at visits 1 (r = -0.46; P = .01) and 2 (r = -0.43; P = .02). Although blood levels of glucose were lower after administration of insulin (132 ± 7 mg/dL) than saline (211 ± 15 mg/dL; P = .0002), gastric emptying thalf was not lower after administration of insulin, compared with saline. After 6 months of intensive therapy, levels of glycosylated hemoglobin decreased from 10.6% ± 0.3% to 9% ± 0.4% (P = .0003), but gastric emptying thalf did not change (92 ± 8 min before, 92 ± 7 min after). Gastric emptying did not correlate with plasma levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 and amylin.ConclusionsTwo-thirds of patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes have mostly asymptomatic yet abnormal gastric emptying. Higher fasting blood levels of glucose are associated with faster gastric emptying. Overnight and sustained (6 mo) improvements in glycemic control do not affect gastric emptying.

Project description:IntroductionType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and comorbid conditions require patients to take complex medication regimens. Greater regimen complexity has been associated with poorer T2DM management; however, the relationship between overall regimen complexity and glycemic control is unclear.ObjectivesOur objectives were: (1) to examine associations between regimen complexity (with the Medication Regimen Complexity Index [MRCI]) and glycemic control (A1C), and (2) to compare overall MRCI with other measures of regimen complexity (overall and diabetes-specific medication count) and diabetes-specific MRCI.MethodsThis was a secondary data analysis of cross-sectional data from a parent trial. Participants were patients with T2DM taking at least 3 chronic medications followed in safety net clinics in the Chicago area. The MRCI measures complexity based on dosing frequency, route of administration, and special instructions for prescribed medications. MRCI scores were created for overall regimens and diabetes-specific medications. Sociodemographics and outpatient visit utilization were included in models as covariates. Linear regression was used to examine the associations between variables of interest and hemoglobin A1C.ResultsParticipants (N = 432) had a mean age of 56.9 years, most were female (66.0%), and Hispanic or Latino (73.3%). Regimen complexity was high based on overall medications (mean = 6.6 medications, SD: 3.09) and MRCI (mean = 21.4, SD: 11.3). Higher diabetes-specific MRCI was associated with higher A1C in bivariate and multivariable models. In multivariable models, overall MRCI greater than 14, fewer outpatient health care visits, male gender, and absence of health insurance were independently associated with higher A1C. The variance in A1C explained by MRCI was higher compared to medication count for overall and diabetes-specific regimen complexity.ConclusionsMore complex regimens are associated with worse A1C and measuring complexity with MRCI may have advantages. Deprescribing, increasing insurance coverage, and promoting engagement in health care may improve A1C among underserved populations with complex regimens.

Dataset Information

A Study on the Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Taste Function in Patients with Good Glycemic Control.

Publications

A Study on the Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Taste Function in Patients with Good Glycemic Control.

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