Dataset Information

Down syndrome: Distribution of brain amyloid in mild cognitive impairment.

ABSTRACT: Introduction:Down syndrome (DS) is associated with a higher risk of dementia. We hypothesize that amyloid beta (A?) in specific brain regions differentiates mild cognitive impairment in DS (MCI-DS) and test these hypotheses using cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Methods:18F-AV-45 (florbetapir) positron emission tomography (PET) data were collected to analyze amyloid burden in 58 participants clinically classified as cognitively stable (CS) or MCI-DS and 12 longitudinal CS participants. Results:The study confirmed our hypotheses of increased amyloid in inferior parietal, lateral occipital, and superior frontal regions as the main effects differentiating MCI-DS from the CS groups. The largest annualized amyloid increases in longitudinal CS data were in the rostral middle frontal, superior frontal, superior/middle temporal, and posterior cingulate cortices. Discussion:This study helps us to understand amyloid in the MCI-DS transitional state between cognitively stable aging and frank dementia in DS. The spatial distribution of A? may be a reliable indicator of MCI-DS in DS.

SUBMITTER: Keator DB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7233421 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Down syndrome: Distribution of brain amyloid in mild cognitive impairment.

Keator David B DB Phelan Michael J MJ Taylor Lisa L Doran Eric E Krinsky-McHale Sharon S Price Julie J Ballard Erin E EE Kreisl William C WC Hom Christy C Nguyen Dana D Pulsifer Margaret M Lai Florence F Rosas Diana H DH Brickman Adam M AM Schupf Nicole N Yassa Michael A MA Silverman Wayne W Lott Ira T IT

Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 20200417 1

<h4>Introduction</h4>Down syndrome (DS) is associated with a higher risk of dementia. We hypothesize that amyloid beta (Aβ) in specific brain regions differentiates mild cognitive impairment in DS (MCI-DS) and test these hypotheses using cross-sectional and longitudinal data.<h4>Methods</h4>18F-AV-45 (florbetapir) positron emission tomography (PET) data were collected to analyze amyloid burden in 58 participants clinically classified as cognitively stable (CS) or MCI-DS and 12 longitudinal CS pa ...[more]

PMID: 32435685

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Project description:Patients with Alzheimer's disease have reduced cerebral blood flow measured by arterial spin labelling magnetic resonance imaging, but it is unclear how this is related to amyloid-? pathology. Using 182 subjects from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative we tested associations of amyloid-? with regional cerebral blood flow in healthy controls (n = 51), early (n = 66) and late (n = 41) mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease with dementia (n = 24). Based on the theory that Alzheimer's disease starts with amyloid-? accumulation and progresses with symptoms and secondary pathologies in different trajectories, we tested if cerebral blood flow differed between amyloid-?-negative controls and -positive subjects in different diagnostic groups, and if amyloid-? had different associations with cerebral blood flow and grey matter volume. Global amyloid-? load was measured by florbetapir positron emission tomography, and regional blood flow and volume were measured in eight a priori defined regions of interest. Cerebral blood flow was reduced in patients with dementia in most brain regions. Higher amyloid-? load was related to lower cerebral blood flow in several regions, independent of diagnostic group. When comparing amyloid-?-positive subjects with -negative controls, we found reductions of cerebral blood flow in several diagnostic groups, including in precuneus, entorhinal cortex and hippocampus (dementia), inferior parietal cortex (late mild cognitive impairment and dementia), and inferior temporal cortex (early and late mild cognitive impairment and dementia). The associations of amyloid-? with cerebral blood flow and volume differed across the disease spectrum, with high amyloid-? being associated with greater cerebral blood flow reduction in controls and greater volume reduction in late mild cognitive impairment and dementia. In addition to disease stage, amyloid-? pathology affects cerebral blood flow across the span from controls to dementia patients. Amyloid-? pathology has different associations with cerebral blood flow and volume, and may cause more loss of blood flow in early stages, whereas volume loss dominates in late disease stages.

Dataset Information

Down syndrome: Distribution of brain amyloid in mild cognitive impairment.

Publications

Down syndrome: Distribution of brain amyloid in mild cognitive impairment.

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