Dataset Information

Dairy Consumption in Relation to Hypertension Among a Large Population of University Students: The MEPHASOUS Study.

ABSTRACT: Background:Hypertension is a chronic condition that its prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate. Findings on the association between dairy consumption and hypertension are conflicting and few data are available in the Middle East. Aim:To assess the association between dairy consumption and hypertension among a large population of university students. Materials and Methods:The current study was performed in the framework of the Mental and Physical Health Assessment of University Student (MEPHASOUS) project. Overall, 67,011 university students with complete information were included in the statistical analysis. To assess dairy consumption, a self-administered dietary habits questionnaire was employed. Blood pressure was measured using a standard protocol. The systolic/diastolic blood pressure of??140/90 mmHg was considered hypertension. Results:Hypertension was prevalent among 6.9% of students. A significant inverse association was found between dairy consumption and the odds of hypertension; such that after taking potential confounders into account, individuals in the highest levels of dairy consumption had 85% lower odds for having hypertension compared with those in the lowest levels (odds ratio (OR): 0.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.13-0.18). Such an inverse association was also seen among males (OR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.11-0.18) and females (OR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.12-0.21), normal-weight students (OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.12-0.18) and those with overweight or obesity (OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.11-0.21), and individuals with (OR: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.11-0.16) and without (OR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.17-0.35) family history of hypertension. Conclusion:Our results support the previous findings on the inverse association between dairy consumption and hypertension among university students.

SUBMITTER: Mansouri M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7234968 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Dairy Consumption in Relation to Hypertension Among a Large Population of University Students: The MEPHASOUS Study.

Mansouri Masoume M Pahlavani Naseh N Sharifi Farshad F Varmaghani Mehdi M Shokri Azad A Yaghubi Hamid H Asbaghi Omid O Keshtkar Abasali A Tabrizi Yousef Moghadas YM Sadeghi Omid O

Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy 20200514

<h4>Background</h4>Hypertension is a chronic condition that its prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate. Findings on the association between dairy consumption and hypertension are conflicting and few data are available in the Middle East.<h4>Aim</h4>To assess the association between dairy consumption and hypertension among a large population of university students.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>The current study was performed in the framework of the Mental and Physical Health Assessment of U ...[more]

PMID: 32523363

Similar Datasets

Project description:Objective To examine whether previous observed inverse associations of dairy intake with systolic blood pressure and risk of hypertension were causal.Design Mendelian randomization study using the single nucleotide polymorphism rs4988235 related to lactase persistence as an instrumental variable.Setting CHARGE (Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology) Consortium.Participants Data from 22 studies with 171?213 participants, and an additional 10 published prospective studies with 26?119 participants included in the observational analysis.Main outcome measures The instrumental variable estimation was conducted using the ratio of coefficients approach. Using meta-analysis, an additional eight published randomized clinical trials on the association of dairy consumption with systolic blood pressure were summarized.Results Compared with the CC genotype (CC is associated with complete lactase deficiency), the CT/TT genotype (TT is associated with lactose persistence, and CT is associated with certain lactase deficiency) of LCT-13910 (lactase persistence gene) rs4988235 was associated with higher dairy consumption (0.23 (about 55 g/day), 95% confidence interval 0.17 to 0.29) serving/day; P<0.001) and was not associated with systolic blood pressure (0.31, 95% confidence interval -0.05 to 0.68 mm Hg; P=0.09) or risk of hypertension (odds ratio 1.01, 95% confidence interval 0.97 to 1.05; P=0.27). Using LCT-13910 rs4988235 as the instrumental variable, genetically determined dairy consumption was not associated with systolic blood pressure (?=1.35, 95% confidence interval -0.28 to 2.97 mm Hg for each serving/day) or risk of hypertension (odds ratio 1.04, 0.88 to 1.24). Moreover, meta-analysis of the published clinical trials showed that higher dairy intake has no significant effect on change in systolic blood pressure for interventions over one month to 12 months (intervention compared with control groups: ?=-0.21, 95% confidence interval -0.98 to 0.57 mm Hg). In observational analysis, each serving/day increase in dairy consumption was associated with -0.11 (95% confidence interval -0.20 to -0.02 mm Hg; P=0.02) lower systolic blood pressure but not risk of hypertension (odds ratio 0.98, 0.97 to 1.00; P=0.11).Conclusion The weak inverse association between dairy intake and systolic blood pressure in observational studies was not supported by a comprehensive instrumental variable analysis and systematic review of existing clinical trials.

Project description:BackgroundDrinking of alcohol among university students is a global phenomenon; heavy episodic drinking is accepted despite several potential negative consequences. There is emerging evidence that short message service (SMS) text messaging interventions are effective to promote behavior change among students. However, it is still unclear how effectiveness can be optimized through intervention design or how user interest and adherence can be maximized.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to develop an SMS text message-based intervention targeting alcohol drinking among university students using formative research.MethodsA formative research design was used including an iterative revision process based on input from end users and experts. Data were collected via seven focus groups with students and a panel evaluation involving students (n=15) and experts (n=5). Student participants were recruited from five universities in Sweden. A semistructured interview guide was used in the focus groups and included questions on alcohol culture, message content, and intervention format. The panel evaluation asked participants to rate to what degree preliminary messages were understandable, usable, and had a good tone on a scale from 1 (very low degree) to 4 (very high degree). Participants could also write their own comments for each message. Qualitative data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The SMS text messages and the intervention format were revised continuously in parallel with data collection. A behavior change technique (BCT) analysis was conducted on the final version of the program.ResultsOverall, students were positive toward the SMS text message intervention. Messages that were neutral, motivated, clear, and tangible engaged students. Students expressed that they preferred short, concise messages and confirmed that a 6-week intervention was an appropriate duration. However, there was limited consensus regarding SMS text message frequency, personalization of messages, and timing. Overall, messages scored high on understanding (mean 3.86, SD 0.43), usability (mean 3.70, SD 0.61), and tone (mean 3.78, SD 0.53). Participants added comments to 67 of 70 messages, including suggestions for change in wording, order of messages, and feedback on why a message was unclear or needed major revision. Comments also included positive feedback that confirmed the value of the messages. Twenty-three BCTs aimed at addressing self-regulatory skills, for example, were identified in the final program.ConclusionsThe formative research design was valuable and resulted in significant changes to the intervention. All the original SMS text messages were changed and new messages were added. Overall, the findings showed that students were positive toward receiving support through SMS text message and that neutral, motivated, clear, and tangible messages promoted engagement. However, limited consensus was found on the timing, frequency, and tailoring of messages.

Project description:BackgroundKhat is amphetamine-like substance commonly consumed by students when they wish to study for long hours especially during examination periods. Khat consumption is associated with increased rates of cardiovascular problems, stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, periodontal disease, gastritis, poor oral hygiene, psychosis, decreased quality of life, and poor academic performance.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS were systematically searched without restriction by publication status. Publications were screened according to predefined inclusion criteria. Twenty-five articles were included. Random effect model was used to calculate weighted prevalence, odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). We assessed the risk of publication bias by using funnel plot and Eggers's regression tests.ResultsThe pooled prevalence of current khat use among university students was 14.16% (95% CI; 11.87-16.81). The pooled prevalence of current khat use was highest in Saudi Arabia 18.85% and it was 13.59% in Ethiopia and 13.04% in Yemen. In addition, the current pooled prevalence of khat use was higher in men at 19.26% than in women 6.41%. Regarding lifetime khat use, in this study, the pooled prevalence of lifetime khat use was 27.31%. The lifetime prevalence was higher in men at 31.47% than in women 11.79%. Moreover, the lifetime prevalence of khat use was 43.27% in Yemen, 37.32% in Saudi Arabia, and 24.82% in Ethiopia. We found significantly increased odds of current (OR 3.59; 95%CI 2.01-6.41) as well as lifetime (OR 3.48; 95%CI 2.09-5.78) khat chewing in men as compared to women.ConclusionThe pooled prevalence of current and lifetime khat consumption was 14.16 and 27.31%, respectively. Both the current and lifetime prevalence of khat use was higher in men than in women. In addition, both the current and lifetime prevalence estimates of khat consumption were low in Ethiopia than in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the odds of both current and lifetime khat consumption were higher in male students than in female students. Programmes that specifically aim at increasing awareness and that most motivate reduced khat consumption among university students were recommended.

Dataset Information

Dairy Consumption in Relation to Hypertension Among a Large Population of University Students: The MEPHASOUS Study.

Publications

Dairy Consumption in Relation to Hypertension Among a Large Population of University Students: The MEPHASOUS Study.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets