Dataset Information

Slip rates along the narrow Magallanes Fault System, Tierra Del Fuego Region, Patagonia.

ABSTRACT: The up to 1000 km-long Magallanes Fault System (MFS) is the southernmost onshore strike-slip plate boundary and located between the South American and Scotia Plates. Slip-rates, a key factor for understanding neotectonics and seismic hazard are only available there from geodetic models. In this study, we present the first direct geologic evidence of MFS slip rates. Late-Cenozoic slip rates along the main MF is 5.4?±?3.3?mm/yr based on lithologic geological separations found in regional mapping. Late-Quaternary deformation from offset geomorphologic markers was documented along the MFS in Chile and Argentina based on a combination of satellite mapping, fieldwork, and Structure from Motion (SfM) models developed from drone photography. By combining displacements observed in SfM models with regional Late-Quaternary dating, sinistral slip rates are 10.5?±?1.5?mm/yr (Chile) and 7.8?±?1.3?mm/yr (Argentina). By comparing our results with regional models, contemporary plate boundary deformation is narrow, approximately ~20-50?km wide from Tierra Del Fuego (TdF) and east (one of the narrowest on Earth), which widens and becoming more diffuse from Cabo Froward north and west (>100?km wide). In addition to the tectonic implications, these faults should be considered important sources of fault rupture and seismic hazard.

SUBMITTER: Sandoval FB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7235261 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Slip rates along the narrow Magallanes Fault System, Tierra Del Fuego Region, Patagonia.

Sandoval Francisca B FB De Pascale Gregory P GP

Scientific reports 20200518 1

The up to 1000 km-long Magallanes Fault System (MFS) is the southernmost onshore strike-slip plate boundary and located between the South American and Scotia Plates. Slip-rates, a key factor for understanding neotectonics and seismic hazard are only available there from geodetic models. In this study, we present the first direct geologic evidence of MFS slip rates. Late-Cenozoic slip rates along the main MF is 5.4 ± 3.3 mm/yr based on lithologic geological separations found in regional mapping. ...[more]

PMID: 32424159

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Project description:Quantifying the presence and environmental impact of invasive species is the starting point for research on management and nature conservation. North American beavers (Castor canadensis) were introduced to Argentina from Canada in 1946, and the species has been identified as a major agent of environmental change in the Tierra del Fuego archipelago in the Anthropocene. We studied the invasion status (distribution and density) of beavers through analyses of the dam densities in the Tierra del Fuego landscapes. We identified beaver dams with a GIS using visual interpretation of high-resolution aerial imagery from Microsoft Bing, Google Earth and HERE and related them to natural environmental gradients. These factors comprised geographic (vegetation zones and distance to streams), climatic (temperature, precipitation, evapotranspiration and net primary productivity) and topographic (elevation and slope) data. The datasets (dams and factors) were combined, and the data from the different zonation classes were subsequently compared using ANOVAs and Tukey's mean comparison tests. Deviations from the mean density (x mean density-x total mean density) were calculated to visualize the deviations for the studied factors. The datasets were also evaluated using principal component analyses (PCA). Our results showed a total of 206,203 beaver dams (100,951 in Argentina and 105,252 in Chile) in the study area (73,000 km2). The main island of Tierra del Fuego presented a greater degree of invasion (73.6% of the total study area) than the rest of the archipelago, especially in areas covered by mixed-evergreen and deciduous forests. The studied geographic, climatic and topographic factors showed positive trends (higher beaver preference) with beaver spread, which were all significant (p <0.05) when compared across the landscape. Although beavers are flexible in their habitat use, our empirical records showed that they had marked preferences and were positively influenced by the most productive forests. Here, we describe a scientific panorama that identified the drivers of species invasion based on satellite data and the available ecological datasets. The identification of such drivers could be useful for developing new tools for management and/or control strategies of the beavers in the Tierra del Fuego archipelago.

Dataset Information

Slip rates along the narrow Magallanes Fault System, Tierra Del Fuego Region, Patagonia.

Publications

Slip rates along the narrow Magallanes Fault System, Tierra Del Fuego Region, Patagonia.

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