Dataset Information

Generative Adversarial Networks and Its Applications in Biomedical Informatics.

ABSTRACT: The basic Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) model is composed of the input vector, generator, and discriminator. Among them, the generator and discriminator are implicit function expressions, usually implemented by deep neural networks. GAN can learn the generative model of any data distribution through adversarial methods with excellent performance. It has been widely applied to different areas since it was proposed in 2014. In this review, we introduced the origin, specific working principle, and development history of GAN, various applications of GAN in digital image processing, Cycle-GAN, and its application in medical imaging analysis, as well as the latest applications of GAN in medical informatics and bioinformatics.

SUBMITTER: Lan L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7235323 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Generative Adversarial Networks and Its Applications in Biomedical Informatics.

Lan Lan L You Lei L Zhang Zeyang Z Fan Zhiwei Z Zhao Weiling W Zeng Nianyin N Chen Yidong Y Zhou Xiaobo X

Frontiers in public health 20200512

The basic Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) model is composed of the input vector, generator, and discriminator. Among them, the generator and discriminator are implicit function expressions, usually implemented by deep neural networks. GAN can learn the generative model of any data distribution through adversarial methods with excellent performance. It has been widely applied to different areas since it was proposed in 2014. In this review, we introduced the origin, specific working princip ...[more]

PMID: 32478029

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Project description:PurposeComplementary information obtained from multiple contrasts of tissue facilitates physicians assessing, diagnosing and planning treatment of a variety of diseases. However, acquiring multiple contrasts magnetic resonance images (MRI) for every patient using multiple pulse sequences is time-consuming and expensive, where, medical image synthesis has been demonstrated as an effective alternative. The purpose of this study is to develop a unified framework for multimodal MR image synthesis.MethodsA unified generative adversarial network consisting of only a single generator and a single discriminator was developed to learn the mappings among images of four different modalities. The generator took an image and its modality label as inputs and learned to synthesize the image in the target modality, while the discriminator was trained to distinguish between real and synthesized images and classify them to their corresponding modalities. The network was trained and tested using multimodal brain MRI consisting of four different contrasts which are T1-weighted (T1), T1-weighted and contrast-enhanced (T1c), T2-weighted (T2), and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (Flair). Quantitative assessments of our proposed method were made through computing normalized mean absolute error (NMAE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index measurement (SSIM), visual information fidelity (VIF), and naturalness image quality evaluator (NIQE).ResultsThe proposed model was trained and tested on a cohort of 274 glioma patients with well-aligned multi-types of MRI scans. After the model was trained, tests were conducted by using each of T1, T1c, T2, Flair as a single input modality to generate its respective rest modalities. Our proposed method shows high accuracy and robustness for image synthesis with arbitrary MRI modality that is available in the database as input. For example, with T1 as input modality, the NMAEs for the generated T1c, T2, Flair respectively are 0.034 ± 0.005, 0.041 ± 0.006, and 0.041 ± 0.006, the PSNRs respectively are 32.353 ± 2.525 dB, 30.016 ± 2.577 dB, and 29.091 ± 2.795 dB, the SSIMs are 0.974 ± 0.059, 0.969 ± 0.059, and 0.959 ± 0.059, the VIF are 0.750 ± 0.087, 0.706 ± 0.097, and 0.654 ± 0.062, and NIQE are 1.396 ± 0.401, 1.511 ± 0.460, and 1.259 ± 0.358, respectively.ConclusionsWe proposed a novel multimodal MR image synthesis method based on a unified generative adversarial network. The network takes an image and its modality label as inputs and synthesizes multimodal images in a single forward pass. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is able to accurately synthesize multimodal MR images from a single MR image.

Dataset Information

Generative Adversarial Networks and Its Applications in Biomedical Informatics.

Publications

Generative Adversarial Networks and Its Applications in Biomedical Informatics.

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