Dataset Information

Association of In Utero HIV Exposure With Obesity and Reactive Airway Disease in HIV-Negative Adolescents and Young Adults.

ABSTRACT:

Background

HIV-negative individuals with in utero HIV exposure represent an emerging population, exceeding 18 million people worldwide. Long-term clinical outcomes among HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) individuals into adolescence and young adulthood remain unknown.

Setting

US academic health system.

Methods

In this observational cohort study, we leveraged a patient data registry to identify 50 HEU adolescents and young adults. We also identified 141 HIV-unexposed controls that were matched to HEU subjects up to 3:1 on age of last encounter (±2 years), birthdate (±5 years), sex, race/ethnicity, and zip code. All subjects were born since January 1, 1990, with medical records available into adolescence and young adulthood. Primary outcomes were most recent body mass index (BMI) z-score and presence of reactive airway disease (RAD). Records were manually reviewed to extract health information.

Results

Fifty HEU adolescents and young adults (18 ± 3 years, 54% men) and 141 matched controls (19 ± 3 years, 54% men) were compared. HEU individuals had a higher BMI z-score (1.12 ± 1.08 vs. 0.73 ± 1.09, P = 0.03) and an increased prevalence of obesity (42% vs. 22%, P = 0.009) compared with controls. HEU subjects also had a higher prevalence of RAD vs. controls (40% vs. 23%, P = 0.03). These differences persisted on adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, maternal, and birth-related factors. Maternal prenatal CD4 T-cell count was inversely associated with BMI z-score among HEU adolescents (r = -0.47, P = 0.01).

Conclusions

HEU adolescents and young adults exhibited a heightened prevalence of obesity and RAD compared with HIV-unexposed controls. Additional studies are needed to optimize care for the expanding population of HEU individuals transitioning to adulthood.

SUBMITTER: Fourman LT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7237070 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Association of In Utero HIV Exposure With Obesity and Reactive Airway Disease in HIV-Negative Adolescents and Young Adults.

Fourman Lindsay T LT Pan Chelsea S CS Zheng Isabel I Gerard Marisa E ME Sheehab Asia A Lee Hang H Stanley Takara L TL Grinspoon Steven K SK

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 20200201 2

<h4>Background</h4>HIV-negative individuals with in utero HIV exposure represent an emerging population, exceeding 18 million people worldwide. Long-term clinical outcomes among HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) individuals into adolescence and young adulthood remain unknown.<h4>Setting</h4>US academic health system.<h4>Methods</h4>In this observational cohort study, we leveraged a patient data registry to identify 50 HEU adolescents and young adults. We also identified 141 HIV-unexposed controls tha ...[more]

PMID: 31738195

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Project description:BackgroundAir pollution exposure has been shown to increase the risk of obesity and metabolic dysfunction in animal models and human studies. However, the metabolic pathways altered by air pollution exposure are unclear, especially in adolescents and young adults who are at a critical period in the development of cardio-metabolic diseases.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the associations between air pollution exposure and indices of fatty acid and amino acid metabolism.MethodsA total of 173 young adults (18-23 years) from eight Children's Health Study (CHS) Southern California communities were examined from 2014 to 2018. Near-roadway air pollution (NRAP) exposure (freeway and non-freeway) and regional air pollution exposure (nitrogen dioxide, ozone and particulate matter) during one year before the study visit were estimated based on participants' residential addresses. Serum concentrations of 64 targeted metabolites including amino acids, acylcarnitines, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and glycerol were measured in fasting serum samples. Principal component analysis of metabolites was performed to identify metabolite clusters that represent key metabolic pathways. Mixed effects models were used to analyze the associations of air pollution exposure with metabolomic principal component (PC) scores and individual metabolite concentrations adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsHigher lagged one-year averaged non-freeway NRAP exposure was associated with higher concentrations of NEFA oxidation byproducts and higher NEFA-related PC score (all p's ≤ 0.038). The effect sizes were larger among obese individuals (interaction p = 0.047). Among females, higher freeway NRAP exposure was also associated with a higher NEFA-related PC score (p = 0.042). Among all participants, higher freeway NRAP exposure was associated with a lower PC score for lower concentrations of short- and median-chain acylcarnitines (p = 0.044).ConclusionsResults of this study indicate that NRAP exposure is associated with altered fatty acid metabolism, which could contribute to the metabolic perturbation in obese youth.

Dataset Information

Association of In Utero HIV Exposure With Obesity and Reactive Airway Disease in HIV-Negative Adolescents and Young Adults.

Background

Setting

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Association of In Utero HIV Exposure With Obesity and Reactive Airway Disease in HIV-Negative Adolescents and Young Adults.

Similar Datasets

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