Dataset Information

Paternal violent criminality and preterm birth: a Swedish national cohort study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Fathers may affect expectant mothers' daily living situations, which in turn might influence pregnancy outcomes. We investigated the association between paternal violent criminality and risk of preterm birth (?36?weeks).

Methods

We conducted a register-based study with all live singleton births in the Swedish Medical Birth Register from 1992 to 2012, linked with records of paternal violent crime convictions from the National Crime Register from 1973 to 2012.

Results

Paternal violent criminality was associated with increased risk of preterm birth and lower gestational age. The association was especially pronounced among infants of reoffenders: men convicted of three or more violent crimes (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.23 [95% CI 1.17, 1.29]). Maternal half sibling-comparisons, an analytic approach controlling for maternal factors stable across pregnancies, also suggested increased risk of preterm birth and lower gestational age when exposed to a violently reoffending father compared to a father without violent criminal convictions (aOR 1.30 [0.99, 1.72], adjusted mean difference?-?1.07 [-?1.78, -?0.36]).

Conclusions

Persistent paternal violent criminality was associated with increased risk of preterm birth, even after controlling for maternal characteristics that did not change between pregnancies.

SUBMITTER: Liu C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7238610 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Paternal violent criminality and preterm birth: a Swedish national cohort study.

Liu Can C Långström Niklas N Ekéus Cecilia C Frisell Thomas T Cnattingius Sven S Hjern Anders A

BMC pregnancy and childbirth 20200519 1

<h4>Background</h4>Fathers may affect expectant mothers' daily living situations, which in turn might influence pregnancy outcomes. We investigated the association between paternal violent criminality and risk of preterm birth (≤36 weeks).<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a register-based study with all live singleton births in the Swedish Medical Birth Register from 1992 to 2012, linked with records of paternal violent crime convictions from the National Crime Register from 1973 to 2012.<h4>Results< ...[more]

PMID: 32429861

Similar Datasets

Project description:ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate whether violent and non-violent offending were related to elevated risk of suicide. We also investigated whether the risk was higher among those with repeated offences and how experiences of substance misuse and suicide attempt modified the relationship.DesignA nationwide prospective cohort study.SettingA register study of 48 834 conscripted men in 1969/1970 in Sweden followed up during a 35-year period in official registers.ParticipantsA birth cohort of 48 834 men who were mandatory conscripted for military service in 1969/70 at the age of 18-20 years. Possible confounders were retrieved from psychological assessments at conscription and the cohort was linked to mortality and hospitalisation and crime records from 1970 onwards. Estimates of suicide risks were calculated as HR with 95% CIs using Cox proportional regression analyses with adjustment for potential confounding by family, psychological and behavioural factors including substance use and psychiatric disorders.ResultsOf the total cohort, 2671 (5.5%) persons died during the follow-up period. Of these, 615 (23%) persons died due to suicide. Non-violent criminality was evident for 29% and violent criminality for 4.7% of all the participants. In the crude model, the violent offenders had nearly five times higher risk (HR=4.69, 3.56 to 6.19) to die from suicide and non-violent criminals had about two times higher risk (HR=2.08, 1.72 to 2.52). In the fully adjusted model, the HRs were still significant for suicide in the non-violent group.ConclusionsExperiences of violent or non-violent criminality were associated with increased risk of suicide. Comorbidity with alcohol and substance use and psychiatric disorders modified the risk, but the suicide risk remained significantly elevated for non-violent criminals. It is crucial to identify offenders and especially repeated offenders who also suffer from alcohol or substance misuse and psychiatric illness in clinical settings in order to prevent suicide.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Preterm birth has previously been linked with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adulthood. However, associations with lipid disorders (e.g., high cholesterol or triglycerides), which are major risk factors for CVD, have seldom been examined and are conflicting. Clinicians will increasingly encounter adult survivors of preterm birth and will need to understand the long-term health sequelae. We conducted the first large population-based study to determine whether preterm birth is associated with an increased risk of lipid disorders. METHODS AND FINDINGS:A retrospective national cohort study was conducted of all 2,235,012 persons born as singletons in Sweden during 1973 to 1995 (48.6% women), who were followed up for lipid disorders identified from nationwide inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy data through 2016 (maximum age 44 years). Cox regression was used to adjust for other perinatal and maternal factors, and co-sibling analyses assessed the potential influence of unmeasured shared familial (genetic and/or environmental) factors. A total of 25,050 (1.1%) persons were identified with lipid disorders in 30.3 million person-years of follow-up. Each additional 5 weeks of gestation were associated with a 14% reduction in risk of lipid disorders (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.86; 95% CI, 0.83-0.89; P < 0.001). Relative to full-term birth (gestational age 39-41 weeks), the adjusted HR associated with preterm birth (<37 weeks) was 1.23 (95% CI, 1.16-1.29; P < 0.001), and further stratified was 2.00 (1.41-2.85; P < 0.001) for extremely preterm (22-27 weeks), 1.33 (1.19-1.49; P < 0.001) for very preterm (28-33 weeks), and 1.19 (1.12-1.26; P < 0.001) for late preterm (34-36 weeks). These findings were similar in men and women (e.g., preterm versus full-term, men: HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.14-1.31; P < 0.001; women: HR, 1.23; 1.12-1.32; P < 0.001). Co-sibling analyses suggested that they were substantially though not completely explained by shared genetic or environmental factors in families. The main study limitation was the unavailability of laboratory data to assess specific types or severity of lipid disorders. CONCLUSIONS:In this large national cohort, preterm birth was associated with an increased risk of lipid disorders in early- to midadulthood. Persons born prematurely may need early preventive evaluation and long-term monitoring for lipid disorders to reduce their future cardiovascular risks.

Project description:Aims/hypothesisPreterm birth (gestational age <37 weeks) has been associated with insulin resistance early in life. However, no large population-based studies have examined risks of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and potential sex-specific differences from childhood into adulthood. Clinicians will increasingly encounter adults who were born prematurely and will need to understand their long-term risks. We hypothesised that preterm birth is associated with increased risks of type 1 and type 2 diabetes into adulthood.MethodsA national cohort study was conducted of all 4,193,069 singletons born in Sweden during 1973-2014, who were followed up for type 1 and type 2 diabetes identified from nationwide diagnoses and pharmacy data to the end of 2015 (maximum age 43 years; median age at the end of follow-up 22.5 years). Cox regression was used to adjust for potential confounders, and co-sibling analyses assessed the influence of shared familial (genetic and/or environmental) factors.ResultsIn 92.3 million person-years of follow-up, 27,512 (0.7%) and 5525 (0.1%) people were identified with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively. Gestational age at birth was inversely associated with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes risk. Adjusted HRs for type 1 and type 2 diabetes at age <18 years associated with preterm birth were 1.21 (95% CI, 1.14, 1.28) and 1.26 (95% CI, 1.01, 1.58), respectively, and at age 18-43 years were 1.24 (95% CI, 1.13, 1.37) and 1.49 (95% CI, 1.31, 1.68), respectively, compared with full-term birth. The associations between preterm birth and type 2 (but not type 1) diabetes were stronger among females (e.g. at age 18-43 years, females: adjusted HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.47, 2.09; males: 1.28; 95% CI, 1.08, 1.53; p <?0.01 for additive and multiplicative interaction). These associations were only partially explained by shared genetic or environmental factors in families.Conclusions/interpretationIn this large national cohort, preterm birth was associated with increased risk of type 1 and type 2 diabetes from childhood into early to mid-adulthood. Preterm-born children and adults may need early preventive evaluation and long-term monitoring for diabetes.

Project description:PurposeWhile it is well documented that maternal adverse exposures contribute to a series defects on offspring health according to the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory, paternal evidence is still insufficient. Advanced paternal age is associated with multiple metabolism and psychiatric disorders. Birth weight is the most direct marker to evaluate fetal growth. Therefore, we designed this study to explore the association between paternal age and birth weight among infants born at term and preterm (<37 weeks gestation).MethodsA large retrospective study was conducted using population-based hospital data from January 2015 to December 2019 that included 69,964 cases of singleton infant births with complete paternal age data. The primary outcome was infant birth weight stratified by sex and gestational age including small for gestational age (SGA, 10th percentile) and large for gestational age (LGA, 90th percentile). Birth weight percentiles by gestational age were based on those published in the INTERGROWTH-21st neonatal weight-for gestational-age standard. Logistic regression analysis and linear regression model were used to estimate the association between paternal age and infant birth weight.ResultsAdvanced paternal age was associated with a higher risk for a preterm birth [35-44 years: adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.13, 95%CI (1.03 to 1.24); >44 years: OR = 1.36, 95%CI (1.09 to 1.70)]. Paternal age exerted an opposite effect on birth weight with an increased risk of SGA among preterm infants (35-44years: OR = 1.85, 95%CI (1.18 to 2.89) and a decreased risk among term infant (35-44years: OR = 0.81, 95%CI (0.68 to 0.98); >44 years: OR = 0.50, 95%CI (0.26 to 0.94). U-shaped associations were found in that LGA risk among term infants was higher in both younger (<25 years) (OR = 1.32; 95%CI, 1.07 to 1.62) and older (35-44 years) (OR = 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.14) fathers in comparison to those who were 25 to 34 years old at the time of delivery.ConclusionsOur study found advanced paternal age increased the risk of SGA among preterm infants and for LGA among term infants. These findings likely reflect a pathophysiology etiology and have important preconception care implications and suggest the need for antenatal monitoring.

Dataset Information

Paternal violent criminality and preterm birth: a Swedish national cohort study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Paternal violent criminality and preterm birth: a Swedish national cohort study.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure