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Incidence of remission and relapse of proteinuria, end-stage kidney disease, mortality, and major outcomes in primary nephrotic syndrome: the Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study (JNSCS).

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Despite recent advances in immunosuppressive therapy for patients with primary nephrotic syndrome, its effectiveness and safety have not been fully studied in recent nationwide real-world clinical data in Japan. METHODS:A 5-year cohort study, the Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study, enrolled 374 patients with primary nephrotic syndrome in 55 hospitals in Japan, including 155, 148, 38, and 33 patients with minimal change disease (MCD), membranous nephropathy (MN), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and other glomerulonephritides, respectively. The incidence rates of remission and relapse of proteinuria, 50% and 100% increases in serum creatinine, end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), all-cause mortality, and other major adverse outcomes were compared among glomerulonephritides using the Log-rank test. Incidence of hospitalization for infection, the most common cause of mortality, was compared using a multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS:Immunosuppressive therapy was administered in 339 (90.6%) patients. The cumulative probabilities of complete remission within 3 years of the baseline visit was ??0.75 in patients with MCD, MN, and FSGS (0.95, 0.77, and 0.79, respectively). Diabetes was the most common adverse events associated with immunosuppressive therapy (incidence rate, 71.0 per 1000 person-years). All-cause mortality (15.6 per 1000 person-years), mainly infection-related mortality (47.8%), was more common than ESKD (8.9 per 1000 person-years), especially in patients with MCD and MN. MCD was significantly associated with hospitalization for infection than MN. CONCLUSIONS:Patients with MCD and MN had a higher mortality, especially infection-related mortality, than ESKD. Nephrologists should pay more attention to infections in patients with primary nephrotic syndrome.

SUBMITTER: Yamamoto R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7248042 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Incidence of remission and relapse of proteinuria, end-stage kidney disease, mortality, and major outcomes in primary nephrotic syndrome: the Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study (JNSCS).

Yamamoto Ryohei R Imai Enyu E Maruyama Shoichi S Yokoyama Hitoshi H Sugiyama Hitoshi H Nitta Kosaku K Tsukamoto Tatsuo T Uchida Shunya S Takeda Asami A Sato Toshinobu T Wada Takashi T Hayashi Hiroki H Akai Yasuhiro Y Fukunaga Megumu M Tsuruya Kazuhiko K Masutani Kosuke K Konta Tsuneo T Shoji Tatsuya T Hiramatsu Takeyuki T Goto Shunsuke S Tamai Hirofumi H Nishio Saori S Shirasaki Arimasa A Nagai Kojiro K Yamagata Kunihiro K Hasegawa Hajime H Yasuda Hideo H Ichida Shizunori S Naruse Tomohiko T Nishino Tomoya T Sobajima Hiroshi H Tanaka Satoshi S Akahori Toshiyuki T Ito Takafumi T Terada Yoshio Y Katafuchi Ritsuko R Fujimoto Shouichi S Okada Hirokazu H Ishimura Eiji E Kazama Junichiro J JJ Hiromura Keiju K Mimura Tetsushi T Suzuki Satoshi S Saka Yosuke Y Sofue Tadashi T Suzuki Yusuke Y Shibagaki Yugo Y Kitagawa Kiyoki K Morozumi Kunio K Fujita Yoshiro Y Mizutani Makoto M Shigematsu Takashi T Kashihara Naoki N Sato Hiroshi H Matsuo Seiichi S Narita Ichiei I Isaka Yoshitaka Y

Clinical and experimental nephrology 20200307 6

<h4>Background</h4>Despite recent advances in immunosuppressive therapy for patients with primary nephrotic syndrome, its effectiveness and safety have not been fully studied in recent nationwide real-world clinical data in Japan.<h4>Methods</h4>A 5-year cohort study, the Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study, enrolled 374 patients with primary nephrotic syndrome in 55 hospitals in Japan, including 155, 148, 38, and 33 patients with minimal change disease (MCD), membranous nephropathy (MN), foca ...[more]

PMID: 32146646

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Project description:Background and objectivesThis analysis from the Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE) assessed the phenotypic and pathology characteristics of proteinuric patients undergoing kidney biopsy and defined the frequency and factors associated with complete proteinuria remission (CRever).Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe enrolled adults and children with proteinuria ?0.5 g/d at the time of first clinically indicated renal biopsy at 21 sites in North America from April 2010 to June 2014 into a prospective cohort study. NEPTUNE central pathologists assigned participants to minimal-change disease (MCD), FSGS, membranous nephropathy, or other glomerulopathy cohorts. Outcome measures for this analysis were (1) CRever with urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC) <0.3 g/g with preserved native kidney function and (2) ESRD. Continuous variables are reported as median and interquartile range (IQR; 25th, 75th percentile). Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to assess factors associated with CRever.ResultsWe enrolled 441 patients: 116 (27%) had MCD, 142 (32%) had FSGS, 66 (15%) had membranous nephropathy, and 117 (27%) had other glomerulopathy. The baseline UPC was 4.1 g/g (IQR, 1.9, 7.7) and the eGFR was 81 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) (IQR, 50, 105). Median duration of observation was 19 months (IQR, 11, 30). CRever occurred in 46% of patients, and 4.6% progressed to ESRD. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that higher prebiopsy proteinuria (hazard ratio, 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.2 to 0.5) and pathology diagnosis (FSGS versus MCD; hazard ratio, 0.2; 95% confidence interval, 0.1 to 0.5) were inversely associated with CRever. The effect of immunosuppressive therapy on remission varied by pathology diagnosis.ConclusionsIn NEPTUNE, the high frequency of other pathology in proteinuric patients affirms the value of the diagnostic kidney biopsy. Clinical factors, including level of proteinuria before biopsy, pathology diagnosis, and immunosuppression, are associated with complete remission.

Dataset Information

Incidence of remission and relapse of proteinuria, end-stage kidney disease, mortality, and major outcomes in primary nephrotic syndrome: the Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study (JNSCS).

Publications

Incidence of remission and relapse of proteinuria, end-stage kidney disease, mortality, and major outcomes in primary nephrotic syndrome: the Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study (JNSCS).

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