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Regulatory T Cell Extracellular Vesicles Modify T-Effector Cell Cytokine Production and Protect Against Human Skin Allograft Damage.


ABSTRACT: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subpopulation of CD4+ T cells with a fundamental role in maintaining immune homeostasis and inhibiting unwanted immune responses using several different mechanisms. Recently, the intercellular transfer of molecules between Tregs and their target cells has been shown via trogocytosis and the release of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). In this study, CD4+CD25+CD127lo human Tregs were found to produce sEVs capable of inhibiting the proliferation of effector T cells (Teffs) in a dose dependent manner. These vesicles also modified the cytokine profile of Teffs leading to an increase in the production of IL-4 and IL-10 whilst simultaneously decreasing the levels of IL-6, IL-2, and IFN?. MicroRNAs found enriched in the Treg EVs were indirectly linked to the changes in the cytokine profile observed. In a humanized mouse skin transplant model, human Treg derived EVs inhibited alloimmune-mediated skin tissue damage by limiting immune cell infiltration. Taken together, Treg sEVs may represent an exciting cell-free therapy to promote transplant survival.

SUBMITTER: Tung SL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7251034 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Regulatory T Cell Extracellular Vesicles Modify T-Effector Cell Cytokine Production and Protect Against Human Skin Allograft Damage.

Tung Sim Lai SL   Fanelli Giorgia G   Matthews Robert Ian RI   Bazoer Jordan J   Letizia Marilena M   Vizcay-Barrena Gema G   Faruqu Farid N FN   Philippeos Christina C   Hannen Rosalind R   Al-Jamal Khuloud T KT   Lombardi Giovanna G   Smyth Lesley Ann LA  

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 20200520


Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subpopulation of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells with a fundamental role in maintaining immune homeostasis and inhibiting unwanted immune responses using several different mechanisms. Recently, the intercellular transfer of molecules between Tregs and their target cells has been shown via trogocytosis and the release of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). In this study, CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup>CD127<sup>lo</sup> human Tregs were found to produce sEVs capable of i  ...[more]

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