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Differential Long-Term Outcomes for Individuals With Histories of Preschool Speech Sound Disorders.

ABSTRACT: Purpose The goal of this study was to determine whether adolescent outcomes for individuals with histories of early speech sound disorders (SSD) could be differentiated by speech and language skills at earlier ages (preschool, 4-6 years, and school age, 7-10 years). Method The study used a retrospective longitudinal design. Participants with and without histories of early SSD were classified in adolescence as having no SSD, resolved SSD, low multisyllabic word (MSW; difficulty with MSW repetition but no errors in conversational speech), or persistent speech disorders (errors in both conversational speech and MSW repetition). Analysis of variance was employed to determine whether early speech, language, and literacy skills distinguished these adolescent outcome groups. Results Preschool and school-age skills differed for adolescents whose SSD had resolved from those who had persistent speech errors. Adolescents with errors solely in production of MSWs (Low MSW) did not differ in early speech and language skills from adolescents who had difficulty with both MSWs and persistent errors in conversation. Conclusions Speech and language assessments earlier in childhood can help establish risks for persistent SSD and other language and literacy difficulties in adolescence. Early identification of these clinically relevant subgroups of SSD may allow for early targeted interventions. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9932279.

SUBMITTER: Lewis BA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7251599 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Differential Long-Term Outcomes for Individuals With Histories of Preschool Speech Sound Disorders.

Lewis Barbara A BA Freebairn Lisa L Tag Jessica J Igo Robert P RP Ciesla Allison A Iyengar Sudha K SK Stein Catherine M CM Taylor H Gerry HG

American journal of speech-language pathology 20191010 4

Purpose The goal of this study was to determine whether adolescent outcomes for individuals with histories of early speech sound disorders (SSD) could be differentiated by speech and language skills at earlier ages (preschool, 4-6 years, and school age, 7-10 years). Method The study used a retrospective longitudinal design. Participants with and without histories of early SSD were classified in adolescence as having no SSD, resolved SSD, low multisyllabic word (MSW; difficulty with MSW repetitio ...[more]

PMID: 31604025

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Project description:BackgroundHypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are associated with increased risks for cardiovascular disease later in life. The HDP incidence is commonly assessed using diagnostic codes, which are not reliable; and typically are expressed per-pregnancy, which may underestimate the number of women with an HDP history after their reproductive years.ObjectivesThis study sought to determine the incidence of HDP expressed as both per-pregnancy and per-woman, and to establish their associations with future chronic conditions and multimorbidity, a measure of accelerated aging, in a population-based cohort study.MethodsUsing the Rochester Epidemiology Project medical record-linkage system, the authors identified residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, who delivered between 1976 and 1982. The authors classified pregnancies into normotensive, gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, pre-eclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension, and chronic hypertension using a validated electronic algorithm, and calculated the incidence of HDP both per-pregnancy and per-woman. The risk of chronic conditions between women with versus those without a history of HDP (age and parity 1:2 matched) was quantified using the hazard ratio and corresponding 95% confidence interval estimated from a Cox model.ResultsAmong 9,862 pregnancies, we identified 719 (7.3%) with HDP and 324 (3.3%) with pre-eclampsia. The incidence of HDP and pre-eclampsia doubled when assessed on a per-woman basis: 15.3% (281 of 1,839) and 7.5% (138 of 1,839), respectively. Women with a history of HDP were at increased risk for subsequent diagnoses of stroke (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37 to 3.76), coronary artery disease (HR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.26 to 2.82), cardiac arrhythmias (HR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.28 to 2.05), chronic kidney disease (HR: 2.41; 95% CI: 1.54 to 3.78), and multimorbidity (HR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.35).ConclusionsThe HDP population-based incidence expressed per-pregnancy underestimates the number of women affected by this condition during their reproductive years. A history of HDP confers significant increase in risks for future chronic conditions and multimorbidity.

Dataset Information

Differential Long-Term Outcomes for Individuals With Histories of Preschool Speech Sound Disorders.

Publications

Differential Long-Term Outcomes for Individuals With Histories of Preschool Speech Sound Disorders.

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