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Relationships between plasma lipidomic profiles and brown adipose tissue density in humans.

ABSTRACT: Background/objectives: The thermogenic function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is generally activated in winter and tightly regulated through various metabolic processes. However, the mechanisms mediating these changes have not been elucidated in humans. Here, we investigated the relationships between BAT density (BAT-d) and lipid metabolites in plasma from men and women in the winter and summer.

Subjects/methods: In total, 92 plasma samples were obtained from 23 men and 23 women, aged 21-55 years, on two different occasions (summer and winter). Lipid metabolites were comprehensively quantified using liquid chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. BAT-d was evaluated by measuring total hemoglobin concentrations in the supraclavicular region using near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy. Anthropometric parameters, such as the percentage of whole body fat and visceral fat area (VFA), were evaluated. Factors influencing BAT-d were investigated by univariate and multivariate regression analyses.

Results: A variety of metabolite peaks, such as glycerophospholipids (168 peaks), steroids and derivatives (78 peaks), fatty acyls (62 peaks), and glycerolipids (31 peaks), were detected. Univariate regression analysis, corrected by false discovery rate to yield Q values, revealed significant correlations in BAT-d and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE(46:2), r?=?0.62, Q?=?4.9?×?10^-2) in the summer, androgens (r?=?0.75, Q?=?7.0?×?10^-3) in the winter, and diacylglycerol (DG(36:1), r?=?-0.68, Q?=?4.9?×?10^-2) in the summer in men, but not in women. Multivariate regression analysis in the winter revealed a significant correlation between BAT-d and plasma androgens (P?=?5.3?×?10^-5) in men and between BAT-d and VFA (P?=?2.2?×?10^-3) in women.

Conclusions: Certain lipids in plasma showed unique correlations with BAT-d depending on sex and season. BAT-d showed a specific correlation with plasma androgens in men in the winter.

SUBMITTER: Fuse S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7260127 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Relationships between plasma lipidomic profiles and brown adipose tissue density in humans.

Fuse Sayuri S Sugimoto Masahiro M Kurosawa Yuko Y Kuroiwa Miyuki M Aita Yasuko Y Tomita Atsumi A Yamaguchi Eri E Tanaka Riki R Endo Tasuki T Kime Ryotaro R Hamaoka Takafumi T

International journal of obesity (2005) 20200303 6

<h4>Background/objectives</h4>The thermogenic function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is generally activated in winter and tightly regulated through various metabolic processes. However, the mechanisms mediating these changes have not been elucidated in humans. Here, we investigated the relationships between BAT density (BAT-d) and lipid metabolites in plasma from men and women in the winter and summer.<h4>Subjects/methods</h4>In total, 92 plasma samples were obtained from 23 men and 23 women, ag ...[more]

PMID: 32127643

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Project description:BackgroundObesity results from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. In rodents and newborn humans, brown adipose tissue helps regulate energy expenditure by thermogenesis mediated by the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), but brown adipose tissue has been considered to have no physiologic relevance in adult humans.MethodsWe analyzed 3640 consecutive (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron-emission tomographic and computed tomographic (PET-CT) scans performed for various diagnostic reasons in 1972 patients for the presence of substantial depots of putative brown adipose tissue. Such depots were defined as collections of tissue that were more than 4 mm in diameter, had the density of adipose tissue according to CT, and had maximal standardized uptake values of (18)F-FDG of at least 2.0 g per milliliter, indicating high metabolic activity. Clinical indexes were recorded and compared with those of date-matched controls. Immunostaining for UCP1 was performed on biopsy specimens from the neck and supraclavicular regions in patients undergoing surgery.ResultsSubstantial depots of brown adipose tissue were identified by PET-CT in a region extending from the anterior neck to the thorax. Tissue from this region had UCP1-immunopositive, multilocular adipocytes indicating brown adipose tissue. Positive scans were seen in 76 of 1013 women (7.5%) and 30 of 959 men (3.1%), corresponding to a female:male ratio greater than 2:1 (P<0.001). Women also had a greater mass of brown adipose tissue and higher (18)F-FDG uptake activity. The probability of the detection of brown adipose tissue was inversely correlated with years of age (P<0.001), outdoor temperature at the time of the scan (P=0.02), beta-blocker use (P<0.001), and among older patients, body-mass index (P=0.007).ConclusionsDefined regions of functionally active brown adipose tissue are present in adult humans, are more frequent in women than in men, and may be quantified noninvasively with the use of (18)F-FDG PET-CT. Most important, the amount of brown adipose tissue is inversely correlated with body-mass index, especially in older people, suggesting a potential role of brown adipose tissue in adult human metabolism.

Dataset Information

Relationships between plasma lipidomic profiles and brown adipose tissue density in humans.

Publications

Relationships between plasma lipidomic profiles and brown adipose tissue density in humans.

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