Changes in Pediatric Endoscopic Practice During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Results From an International Survey.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ruan W
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7260478 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:ObjectivesThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has drastically altered endoscopic practices. We initially reported the international impact of COVID-19 on pediatric endoscopic practice. This follow-up study aimed to assess changes 7 months following the initial survey to delineate practice change patterns as the pandemic evolved.MethodsPediatric gastroenterologists who responded to the initial survey were re-surveyed seven months later using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap). The survey recorded information on changes in pediatric endoscopic practice patterns, including COVID-19 screening and testing processes and personal protective equipment (PPE) utilization. Additionally, endoscopists' risk tolerance of COVID-19 transmission was evaluated.ResultsSeventy-five unique institutions from 21 countries completed surveys from the 145 initial responses (51.7% response rate). Procedural volumes increased at most institutions (70.7%) and most were performing previously postponed cases (90.7%). Ninety-seven percent of institutions were performing pre-endoscopy screening with 78.7% testing all patients. Many institutions (34.7%) have performed procedures on COVID-19 positive patients. There was significantly less PPE reuse (P < 0.05) and fewer institutions recommending full PPE for all endoscopies (43.2% vs 59.2%, P = 0.013). Overall, pediatric endoscopists' risk tolerance of COVID-19 transmission is low.ConclusionsThis is the first survey to highlight the evolution of pediatric endoscopic practices related to the COVID-19 pandemic, underscoring the need for ongoing pandemic-related guidance for pediatric endoscopic practice.
| S-EPMC9172578 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7557232 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has been challenging for patients and medical staff. Radical changes have been needed to prevent disruptions in patient care and medical education.MethodsA web-based survey was sent to European Society for Pediatric Nephrology (ESPN) members via the ESPN mailing list to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on delivery of pediatric nephrology (PN) care and educational activities. There were ten questions with subheadings.ResultsSeventy-six centers from 24 countries completed the survey. The time period was between the beginning of the pandemic and May 30, 2020. The number of patients admitted in PN wards and outpatient clinics were significantly decreased (2.2 and 4.5 times, respectively). Telemedicine tools, electronic prescriptions, online applications for off-label drugs, and remote access to laboratory/imaging results were used in almost half of the centers. Despite staff training and protective measures, 33% of centers reported COVID-19 infected staff, and 29% infected patients. Difficulties in receiving pharmaceuticals were reported in 25% of centers. Sixty percent of centers suspended living-related kidney transplantation, and one-third deceased-donor kidney transplantation. Hands-on education was suspended in 91% of medical schools, and face-to-face teaching was replaced by online systems in 85%. Multidisciplinary training in PN was affected in 54% of the centers.ConclusionsThis survey showed a sharp decline in patient admissions and a significant decrease in kidney transplantation. Telemedicine and online teaching became essential tools, requiring integration into the current system. The prolonged and fluctuating course of the pandemic may pose additional challenges necessitating urgent and rational solutions.
| S-EPMC8929721 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The COVID-19 global pandemic disrupted healthcare, society, and medical education. Use of online video educational content increased at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, across two platforms. This demonstrates the potential of online videos to provide timely information in a scalable fashion, quickly meeting clinical information needs.
| S-EPMC10030686 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disrupted access to food and adequate nutrition and the types of foods consumed. However, little empiric data exists on the changes in American's food and nutrition habits 2 y into the pandemic.ObjectivesTo assess current and altered food choices ∼2 y into the COVID-19 pandemic in the months after historic public pandemic relief.MethodsA national sample of 1878 United States adults balanced by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and income completed a one-time, online, semi-quantitative, 44-item questionnaire in Fall 2021 asking about the demographics, COVID-19 food choice changes (including free-text), and consumer priorities. This analysis investigates COVID-19 impacts on food security, healthfulness, and access.ResultsMore than 35% of respondents reported improved food security and >45% reported improved food healthfulness compared with prepandemic status. Improvement was reported in more than 30% of Black/African-American and Hispanic/Latinx adults, adults with lower annual income, and female sex, despite over 75% reporting reduced choice of where to eat or buy food. The pandemic offered occasion for many to improve diet, but a similar number expressed that the pandemic destabilized healthy habits.ConclusionsOur novel findings suggest that by late 2021, most Americans had improved food security and food choice healthfulness, despite reduced access to food service and retail, although with worsening among a meaningful proportion of Americans as well as heterogeneity in these changes. Vigorous federal, state, city, and community responses to the pandemic may have played a role in improving the food security and food choice healthfulness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health crises differently impact health behaviors, but when accompanied by vigorous civic and community response, food security, and food healthfulness can be fortified.
| S-EPMC9968449 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8093127 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionTo assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic impact on haemodialysis centres, The Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study and International Society of Nephrology (ISN) collaborated on a web-survey of centres.MethodsA combined approach of random sampling and open invitation was used between March 2020 and March 2021. Responses were obtained from 412 centres in 78 countries and all 10 ISN regions.ResultsIn 8 regions, rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection were <20% in most centres, but in North East Asia and Newly Independent States and Russia rates were ≥20% and ≥30%, respectively. Mortality was ≥10% in most centres in 8 regions, though lower in North America and Caribbean and North East Asia. Diagnostic testing was not available in 33%, 37%, and 61% of centres in Latin America, Africa, and East and Central Europe, respectively. Surgical masks were widely available, but severe shortages of particulate-air filter masks were reported in Latin America (18%) and Africa (30%). Rates of infection in staff ranged from 0% in 90% of centres in North East Asia to ≥50% in 63% of centres in the Middle East and 68% of centres in Newly Independent States and Russia. In most centres <10% of staff died, but in Africa and South Asia 2% and 6% of centres reported ≥50% mortality, respectively.ConclusionThere has been wide global variation in SARS-CoV-2 infection rates amongst haemodialysis patients and staff, PPE availability, and testing, and the ways in which services have been redesigned in response to the pandemic.
| S-EPMC8684834 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesWhile most pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 cases are not life threatening, some children have severe disease requiring emergent resuscitative interventions. Resuscitation events present risks to healthcare provider safety and the potential for compromised patient care. Current resuscitation practices and policies for children with suspected/confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 are unknown.DesignMulti-institutional survey regarding inpatient resuscitation practices during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.SettingInternet-based survey.SubjectsU.S. PICU representatives (one per institution) involved in resuscitation system planning and oversight.InterventionsNone.Measurements and main resultsOf 130 institutions surveyed, 78 (60%) responded. Forty-eight centers (62%) had admitted coronavirus disease 2019 patients; 26 (33%) reported code team activation for patients with suspected/confirmed coronavirus disease 2019. Sixty-seven respondents (86%) implemented changes to inpatient emergency response systems. The most common changes were as follows: limited number of personnel entering patient rooms (75; 96%), limited resident involvement (71; 91%), and new or refined team roles (74; 95%). New or adapted technology is being used for coronavirus disease 2019 resuscitations in 58 centers (74%). Most institutions (57; 73%) are using enhanced personal protective equipment for all coronavirus disease 2019 resuscitation events; 18 (23%) have personal protective equipment policies dependent on the performance of aerosol generating procedures. Due to coronavirus disease 2019, most respondents are intubating earlier during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (56; 72%), utilizing video laryngoscopy (67; 86%), pausing chest compressions during laryngoscopy (56; 72%), and leaving patients connected to the ventilator during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (56; 72%). Responses were varied regarding airway personnel, prone cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ventilation strategy during cardiopulmonary resuscitation without an airway in place, and extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Most institutions (46; 59%) do not have policies regarding limitations of resuscitation efforts in coronavirus disease 2019 patients.ConclusionsMost U.S. pediatric institutions rapidly adapted their resuscitation systems and practices in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Changes were commonly related to team members and roles, personal protective equipment, and airway and breathing management, reflecting attempts to balance quality resuscitation with healthcare provider safety.
| S-EPMC7340134 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Pediatric ventilation liberation has limited evidence, likely resulting in wide practice variation. To inform future work, practice patterns must first be described. Describe international pediatric ventilation liberation practices and regional practice variation. International cross-sectional electronic survey. Nontrainee pediatric medical and cardiac critical care physicians. Practices focusing on spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) eligibility, SBT practice, non-SBT extubation readiness bundle elements, and post-extubation respiratory support. Five-hundred fifty-five responses representing 47 countries were analyzed. Most respondents reported weaning followed by an SBT (86.4%). The top SBT eligibility variables reported were positive end-expiratory pressure (95%), Fio2 (93.4%), and peak inspiratory pressure (73.9%). Most reported use of standardized pressure support regardless of endotracheal tube size (40.4%) with +10 cm H2O predominating (38.6%). SBT durations included less than or equal to 30 minutes (34.8%), 31 minutes to 1 hour (39.3%), and greater than 1 hours (26%). In assigning an SBT result, top variables were respiratory rate (94%), oxygen saturation (89.3%), and subjective work of breathing (79.8%). Most reported frequent consideration of endotracheal secretion burden (81.3%), standardized pain/sedation measurement (72.8%), fluid balance (83%), and the endotracheal air leak test as a part of extubation readiness bundles. Most reported using planned high flow nasal cannula in less than or equal to 50% of extubations (83.2%). Top subpopulations supported with planned HFNC were those with chronic lung disease (67.3%), exposed to invasive ventilation greater than 14 days (66.6%), and chronic critical illness (44.9%). Most reported using planned noninvasive ventilation (NIV) following less than or equal to 20% of extubations (79.9%). Top subpopulations supported with planned NIV were those with neuromuscular disease (72.8%), chronic lung disease (66.7%), and chronic NIV use for any reason (61.6%). Regional variation was high for most practices studied. International pediatric ventilation liberation practices are heterogeneous. Future study is needed to address key evidence gaps. Many practice differences were associated with respondent region, which must be considered in international study design.
| S-EPMC9444408 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background/purposeWe aimed to describe the epidemiology of trauma activations and variations in injury patterns, injury severity, and hospital length-of-stay for injured children in Los Angeles (LA) County during the coronavirus-disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of children aged < 18-years evaluated in 15 trauma centers from 2019 to 2020 and entered in the LA County trauma registry. We defined 01/01/2019-03/18/2020 as pre-pandemic and 03/19/2020-12/31/2020 as the pandemic period. Our primary outcome was pediatric trauma activations. We analyzed demographic and clinical data, including types and severity of injuries sustained. We conducted unadjusted bivariate analyzes of injury patterns between periods. Segmented linear regression models were used to test rates (per 100,000 LA County children) of trauma activations pre-pandemic versus the pandemic period.ResultsWe studied 4399 children with trauma activations, 2695 of which occurred pre-pandemic and 1701 in the pandemic period. Motor vehicle collisions, gunshot wounds, and burns increased during the pandemic (all p-values< 0.05), while sports injuries decreased (p < 0.001). Median injury severity scores (p = 0.323) and Glasgow Coma Scales (p = 0.558) did not differ between periods, however mortality (p = 0.023) increased during the pandemic. Segmented linear regression estimates demonstrated that rates of trauma activations pre-pandemic were similar to the pandemic period (p = 0.384).ConclusionPediatric trauma activations in LA County did not significantly differ during the COVID-19 pandemic, but types and severity of injuries varied between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. With lockdown restrictions being lifted and novel SARS-CoV-2 variants circulating, our investigation describes this recent epidemiologic phenomenon to aid future preparation for healthcare systems.Level of evidenceLevel III TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective cross-sectional study.
| S-EPMC8500847 | biostudies-literature