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Schizophyllum commune induced oxidative stress and immunosuppressive activity in Spodoptera litura.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:In the last few decades, considerable attention has been paid to fungal endophytes as biocontrol agents, however little is known about their mode of action. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of an endophytic fungus Schizophyllum commune by analyzing activities of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes as well as morphology of haemocytes using Spodoptera litura as a model. RESULTS:Ethyl acetate extract of S. commune was fed to the larvae of S. litura using the artificial diet having 276.54??g/ml (LC50 of fungus) concentration for different time durations. Exposed groups revealed significant (p???0.05) increase in the activities of various enzymes viz. Catalase, Ascorbate peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione-S-Transferase. Furthermore, haemocytes showed various deformities like breakage in the cell membrane, cytoplasmic leakage and appearance of strumae in the treated larvae. A drastic reduction in the percentage of normal haemocytes was recorded in the treated groups with respect to control. CONCLUSION:The study provides important information regarding the oxidative stress causing and immunosuppressant potential of S. commune against S. litura and its considerable potential for incorporation in pest management programs.

SUBMITTER: Kaur M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7260734 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Schizophyllum commune induced oxidative stress and immunosuppressive activity in Spodoptera litura.

Kaur Mandeep M Chadha Pooja P Kaur Sanehdeep S Kaur Amarjeet A Kaur Rajvir R

BMC microbiology 20200529 1

<h4>Background</h4>In the last few decades, considerable attention has been paid to fungal endophytes as biocontrol agents, however little is known about their mode of action. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of an endophytic fungus Schizophyllum commune by analyzing activities of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes as well as morphology of haemocytes using Spodoptera litura as a model.<h4>Results</h4>Ethyl acetate extract of S. commune was fed to the larvae of S. litura using t ...[more]

PMID: 32471364

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Project description:BackgroundIn the last few decades, considerable attention has been paid to entomopathogenic fungi as biocontrol agents, however little is known about their mode of action and safety. This study aimed to investigate the toxicity of Aspergillus flavus in insect Spodoptera litura by analyzing the effect of fungal extract on antioxidant and cellular immune defense. In antioxidant defense, the lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde content) and antioxidant enzymes activities (Catalase, Ascorbate peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase) were examined. In cellular immune defense, effect of A. flavus extract was analyzed on haemocytes using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, mammalian toxicity was analyzed with respect to DNA damage induced in treated rat relative to control by comet assay using different tissues of rat (blood, liver, and kidney).ResultsEthyl acetate extract of A. flavus was administrated to the larvae of S.litura using artificial diet method having concentration 1340.84 μg/ml (LC50 of fungus). The effect was observed using haemolymph of insect larvae for different time intervals (24, 48, 72 and 96). In particular, Malondialdehyde content and antioxidant enzymes activities were found to be significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased in treated larvae as compared to control. A. flavus ethyl acetate extract also exhibit negative impact on haemocytes having major role in cellular immune defense. Various deformities were observed in different haemocytes like cytoplasmic leakage and surface abnormalities etc. Genotoxicity on rat was assessed using different tissues of rat (blood, liver, and kidney) by comet assay. Non-significant effect of A. flavus extract was found in all the tissues (blood, liver, and kidney).ConclusionsOverall the study provides important information regarding the oxidative stress causing potential and immunosuppressant nature of A. flavus against S. litura and its non toxicity to mammals (rat), mammals (rat), suggesting it an environment friendly pest management agent.

Dataset Information

Schizophyllum commune induced oxidative stress and immunosuppressive activity in Spodoptera litura.

Publications

Schizophyllum commune induced oxidative stress and immunosuppressive activity in Spodoptera litura.

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